PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050

Walden University PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050 assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050                     

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050 depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050                     

The introduction for the Walden University PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050 is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050                     

After the introduction, move into the main part of the PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050 assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050                     

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050                     

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Healthcare in America has been an issue for Americans for many years. It is said that the health care system is tarnished by racism and discrimination. When compared to their white counterpart minority groups such as African Americans and Latinos have a higher percentage of battling chronic health conditions, increased adverse birth outcomes and lower life expectancy (Social Determinants of Health, n.d.). The gap between the groups could also be in correlation to resources availability. During the Obama presidency he passed the Affordable Care Act. This policy was implemented to help bridge the gap between white Americans and minorities to provide access to affordable healthcare coverage to anyone who needs insurance. The health care market place allows those who can not afford health care the chance to shop different plans to fit their specific needs and within their budget. After Obama’s presidency the united states had two presidential candidates that both have two different stances towards the ACA. 

President Biden

President Biden who was the Vice President to Obama supports the Affordable Care Act. He took a stance to expand on the healthcare agenda by advocating for an expansion of resources for medicaid and federal funding for public health (Nuzum et al.,2020). The advancement of the ACA would potentially close the gap between racial difference. 

President Trump

President Trump did not stand with the ACA. In fact he wanted to over turn the ACA. He believed that this healthcare policy was not good for the American people. One of the reasons that President Trump wanted to over turn the ACA was for the tax breaks for high income house holds (Mermin, 2020).

If i had the chance to take a stance in ACA, I would side with President Biden. I support the ACA because at one point in my life I needed to acquire government aid for healthcare. During my last few years of my first college degree. I worked part time at Panera bread and was also a full time student. I had just reached the age where I could no longer be on my parents health insurance, my checks were barley enough to make rent, and to take my employers insurance would have taking all my of my check. I did not know what to do so i applied for medicaid and was able to get my annual check ups. I needed the assistance when I had no other way to get coverage and by being able to have the resource lessen the stress of being a college student trying to figure out life. 

PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050

PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050

The healthcare system is highly sensitive and that is why presidents have to make critical decisions and ensure the safety of their citizens. I agree with you that the opioid epidemic is one of the healthcare issues that rose to the presidential level. Opioid misuse presents various health risks and that is why it was necessary to engage the presidential intervention. President Bush’s administration approached the issue in three ways. First, the administration provided efforts to stop the kids from using the drug. Secondly, the treatment for those already using the drug was expanded and finally, the flow of the drug into America was controlled. The measure would be undertaken for infectious diseases that arise, Breaking the infection cycle is important in managing health crises and emergencies (Hedberg, et al., 2019).

The Obama administration approached the issue more comprehensively and approved the CAR bill to fight the epidemic. Similarly, President Donald Trump declared the epidemic a national state of emergency and this was appropriate. I agree that health issues require urgent intervention to curb the causative factors and prevent the issue from spreading further and this is what the three presidential administrations did.

The presidents must be sensitive to identify the impacts of given health issues and develop appropriate policies that will minimize the harmful effects the citizens suffer (Smith, 2020). In this case, the use of opioid drugs was on the rise and the level could have been very disastrous if the relevant measures developed were not adopted. It is important that government systems set aside funds to handle medical emergencies whenever they rise because they cannot be postponed (Katz, Attal-Juncqua & Fischer, 2017).

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PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050 References

Hedberg, K., Bui, L. T., Livingston, C., Shields, L. M., & Van Otterloo, J. (2019). Integrating public health and health care strategies to address the opioid epidemic: the Oregon Health Authority’s Opioid Initiative. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 25(3), 214-220. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000849.

Katz, R., Attal-Juncqua, A., & Fischer, J. E. (2017). Funding public health emergency preparedness in the United States. American journal of public health, 107(S2), S148-S152. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2017.303956

Smith, H. J. (2020). Ethics, Public Health, and Addressing the Opioid Crisis. AMA Journal of Ethics, 22(8), 647-650. doi: 10.1001/amajethics.2020.647.

By Day 3 of Week 1

By Day 6 of Week 1

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*Note: Throughout this program, your fellow students are referred to as colleagues.

Consider a population health topic that rises to the presidential agenda level.

     The Opioid Crisis is a problem that effects families, communities and our healthcare systems. Most people with an Opioid addiction were prescribed a narcotic from a physician for an issue such as pain related to an injury. Most people who take these narcotics use them as prescribed and do not have any problems with dependence or addiction. The opioid crisis most likely is the most profound public health crisis our nation has faced. In 2015 alone, 52,000 people died of drug overdoses, with over 30,000 of those people dying from opioid drugs. A recent community forum led by the Cleveland Clinic contrasted this yearly death rate with the loss of 58,000 American lives in 4 years of the Vietnam War. The present review describes the origins of this opioid epidemic and provides context for our present circumstances. (Kaye and Vandeveld 2018)

Which Social determinant most affects this health issue?

Using a Social-Ecological model; there are various levels that influence a person’s substance use or misuse.

Individually, substance abuse can affect a person’s physical and mental health, social emotional learning and skills, the person’s perception of risk involved in taking Opioids, and withdrawal symptom management. Social determinants relating to interpersonal relationships include; Access to Opioids, previous attitudes towards said substance along with patient’s pain management history, what education the person obtained in their lives regarding Opioids, how supportive their families and friends are regarding treatment and therapy options and if the person has a family history of substance abuse. Community influences include access to culturally-specific providers, peer networks and behavior health services, prescriber’s perception of risk, drug disposal facilities, access to education regarding Narcan. Societal considerations include; stigma towards people who use drugs, legislation that supports service programs, policies that promote racial and health equity, economic wellbeing and housing stability, health insurance coverage for mental health and substance abuse, and impacts of justice involvement on economic and social advancement. (MN dept of health 2020).

How did two recent presidents handle the problem?

President Donald Trump declared the opioid crisis a national emergency in 2018 and unveiled the Initiative to Stop Opioid Abuse. The national emergency focused on reducing demand and over-prescription, educating Americans about Opioid risks, cracking down on illegal drug supply chains, and offering evidence-based treatment and recovery services. (Healthline 2020)

President Joseph Biden released a 5-point plan to address the Opioid crisis which was meant to hold pharma companies accountable, invested $125 billion in prevention, treatment, and recovery services; work with the medical industry to stop over prescribing while improving access to pain management; reform the criminal justice system to avoid incarceration related solely to substance abuse; and stem the flow of illegal Heroin and Fentanyl in the the U.S. (Healthline 2020)

What would you do differently?

    I do believe the Opioid crisis is a national emergency and a robust government program is needed to help save lives, families and communities. The education done with prescribers regarding over prescribing may have gone too far as many primary care physicians do not prescribe any Narcotics for patients who need them to control pain. If these patients do not have access to a prescription drug to control their pain, they may look to other methods to relieve pain like alcohol or other illegal drugs. Education should go farther than news stories and commercials. Education done with adolescent children including misuse of Narcotics is needed along with family’s interventions in the education of their children. I feel if the people in a child’s life continually educate and reinforce this education, children will think twice if these kinds of drugs present in their lives via peers and friends.

Even though the big pharma companies had to pay out large settlements I do not believe this made them accountable for their actions. The change in the chemical make- up of some Narcotic medications has also helped curb abuse. The biggest problem is many Opioid abusers will start using other drugs like Heroin or Fentanyl as they are not able to obtain Opioids they need. We all know the accidental overdose rates for drug users who either use a higher potency drug unknown to them.

PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050 References

https://www.healthline.com/health-news/where-biden-and-trump-stand-on-11-key-healthcare-issues#33

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11916-018-0670-z

https://www.health.state.mn.us/communities/opioids/prevention/socialdeterminants.html

   Each year in the U.S., millions of people are affected by mental illness. The CDC reports that 50% of Americans will at one time in their life be diagnosed with a mental disorder (CDC, 2019). As nurses, we must understand the physical, social and financial impact mental health has on our nation. We must raise awareness, reduce the negative stigma, and advocate for better health care.  

             I focused my post on mental health care because it is my nursing specialty. After reviewing what the last three presidents have accomplished, I was surprised and pleased with president Bush’s and Obama’s attempts to address mental health; however, I was disappointed in President Trump’s apparent lack of support.  

             In 2002 President Bush created the New Freedom Commission Act, which would improve mental health services for children, adolescents, and adults by coordinating treatments and services to promote their successful integration into the community (President`s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health, 2019). His support for mental health didn’t stop there. Throughout his presidency, he continued to make positive changes for those living with mental illness. In his final year as president, he signed an act establishing health insurance coverage for people with mental health disorders, seeing it as just as important as physical health (Hart, 2016). Two years later, under the Obama administration, President Obama signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, much like Bush, demonstrating that mental health is as important as physical health. In 2016, the president proposed a budget that included a new $500 million investment to increase access to mental health care (Hart, 2016). As stated above, both Presidents acknowledged mental health and the importance of treating it as equal to physical health. Conversely, during his time in office, President Trump advocated for the reduction in Medicaid funding to each state, which directly impacted the mental health services to the aged and disabled who qualified under this program (The Trump Administration and Mental Health, 2018).

             If I were to do anything different, I would have built on the legacy of Bush and Obama to increase awareness, policies, and funds to address mental health. Mental health issues are not going away, and decreasing funding for programs that meet the needs of the mentally ill is a step in the wrong direction. 

I concur with you that as medical providers, it is our job to let drug addicts and people in recovery know they are not alone and that others care about their health and wellbeing. It is also important for healthcare professionals to recognize that weekly outpatient appointments might not be enough for every patient, especially those with more free time on their hands during the pandemic (Ornell et al., 2020). Medical providers should coordinate care with other providers as needed, focusing on adding as much structure and support to their patients’ routine as possible. For example, when treating a patient with a substance use disorder in an outpatient setting once weekly, the patient can also participate in intensive outpatient care through another local provider. Nevertheless, clinicians should also consider encouraging patients to participate in virtual community support groups. This is because there is no black-and-white approach to helping patients struggling with substance use but it is really about tailoring to what each patient needs (Jemberie et al., 2020).

References

Jemberie, W. B., Williams, J. S., Eriksson, M., Grönlund, A. S., Ng, N., Nilsson, M. B., … & Lundgren, L. M. (2020). Substance use disorders and COVID-19: multi-faceted problems which require multi-pronged solutions. Frontiers in psychiatry, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00714

Ornell, F., Moura, H. F., Scherer, J. N., Pechansky, F., Kessler, F. H. P., & von Diemen, L. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on substance use: implications for prevention and treatment. Psychiatry research, 289, 113096. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.psychres.2020.113096

Consider a population health topic that rises to the presidential agenda level. Which social determinant most affects this health issue? How did two recent presidents handle the problem? What would you do differently? 

Various health issues come to mind when deciding on a topic for discussion. I choose mental health, which has got the plan on the presidential level several times and continues to grow. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased mental health needs in the population. President Obama made progress in mental health by expanding health care coverage with the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The ACA restricted insurance companies from discriminating care for pre-existing diagnoses and gave coverage for substance use and mental health-related services. President Obama extended services with a hundred million US dollars through the ACA by building behavioral health centers. Obama indicated the nation’s responsibility by helping those in uniform with mental health and their families requiring support, and he announced May 2016 as a Mental health awareness month (The White House, 2016). 

President Trump had positive and negative progress in the field of mental health. He focused on ruining the ACA and lowering Medicaid; many low-income people who relied on substance abuse and mental health treatment coverage would not have coverage. President Trump executed the first American health care by signing an administrative order on October 5, 2020. It was positive due to improved access to mental health for people who suffered from mental health conditions aggravated by the current COVID-19 pandemic. President Trump said that his government is committed to controlling the disaster of suicide, stopping the crisis of opioids, and enhancing behavioral and mental health (DeVylder, 2017). The COVID-19 pandemic also worsened behavioral and mental health because of anxiety and stress from social isolation, lost unemployment, and extended lockdown (Sim, 2012). It demonstrated the clear focus the Trump government executed. 

I praise our presidents for creating recent modifications and concentrating on mental and behavioral health because it was overdue. I would execute additional mental and psychological training for health care staff because they need good mental health. I noticed people in need waiting for specialized facilities for their needs and spending hours and days waiting to see the doctor. For example, most of these patients go to the emergency department, and options for specialized treatment are unavailable at some locations. With increasing need, providers cannot accept many patients, and these patients do not get help on time and raised trauma occurs because of the wrong approach in areas that cannot deliver specialized care. I will also raise the mental health research budget because of the need for effective treatments. 

References 

DeVylder, J. E. (2017). Donald Trump, the police, and Mental Health in US cities. American Journal of Public Health, 107(7), 1042–1043. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2017.303827 

Sim, F. (2012). Health and Wellbeing: The 21st century agenda. Public Health, 126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2012.05.012 

The White House. (2016, April 28). Presidential Proclamation-National Mental Health Awareness Month. https://www.counseling.org/news/updates/2020/10/06/president-trump-issues-executive-order-on-behavioralhealth 

Sample Answer for PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050 

Shannon Roberts  

RE: Discussion – Week 1  

For every presidency, healthcare will be a top priority to make changes to and improve. The availability of prescription drug coverage is always a touchy subject with each political party. Everyone wants to provide prescription drug coverages, but are they going about it the right way? I will look into how Bush, Obama and Trump attempted to improve and change the prescription drug coverage through their agendas.  

When President George W. Bush took office, he wanted to provide a prescription drug plan that would benefit the people. He developed the “Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003” (The Bush Record- Fact Sheet: Empowering Medicare Beneficiaries With Affordable Options, n.d.). Thanks to this act, over 40 million Americans have better access to medications and other health services. Taxpayers were able to save approximately $240 Billion dollars with this initiative. Unfortunately, this created a gap in coverage called the “donut hole”. (The Medicare Part D Coverage Gap (“Donut Hole”, 2014).  Having an improved medication coverage plan was originally a great idea, but many Americans have struggled immensely affording prescriptions while they are in the “Donut Hole”. Bush’s prescription health plans ended up having to many loopholes. And the “donut hole” was disastrous for the American poor. 

Obama took office in 2009 and immediately wanted to work on getting health care for all. (Improving Health for All Americans, 2015). He worked to ensure that the “Donut Hole” was to be phased out. Health care coverage become more affordable and eliminated the pre-existing condition clause that eliminated the availability of health care for all. This was huge for the dialysis population that I serve. This allowed many to find coverage that was more financially reasonable and better for them. However, they became a small portion of the overall healthcare dollars. Obama also worked with Centers for Medicare and developed a payment system to have providers be reimbursed based on metrics and outcomes versus just being reimbursed for preforming a procedure or seeing the patient. (Continuing the Affordable Care Act’s Progress on Delivery System Reform Is an Economic Imperative, 2015). I believe this was a game changer to have providers hold themselves accountable for outcomes and patient overall health. 

Beginning day one of Trumps administration he wanted to get “Great Healthcare for Americans” (Healthcare – The White House, n.d.) at a reasonable cost to the government. Trump was able to lower drug prices. Allow pharmacies and practitioners to educate patients on coupons for prescriptions and use of importing drugs from Canada where costs are typically less. This change saved dialysis patients thousands of dollars a year by having access to prescription sites like GoodRx to find what pharmacy will have the cheapest medications and any coupons they have available. In my opinion, this is the beginning to manage overall healthcare against cost.  

Bush, Obama and Trump have all taken initiatives to continue to improve healthcare and prescription drug coverage in America. I believe that we still have improvements to be made. Prescription drug coverage is expensive. We as healthcare providers will always need to do our part to continue to make changes and better the lives of that patients that we touch to improve the overall health of patients to assist with decreasing the financial burden that is put on our healthcare system.  

  

References 

The Bush Record- Fact Sheet: Empowering Medicare Beneficiaries With Affordable Options. (n.d.). Georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov. Retrieved from https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/index.html 

 The Medicare Part D Coverage Gap (“Donut Hole”). (2014, November 13). Medicare Information, Help and Plan Enrollment- Medicare.com. Retrieved from https://medicare.com/medicare-part-d/coverage-gap-donut-hole-made-simple/ 

Improving Health for All Americans. (2015, December) Whitehouse.gov; Whitehouse. Retrieved from https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-record/health-care 

Healthcare- The White House. (n.d.). Trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov. Retrieved from https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/issues/healthcare/ 

Continuing the Affordable Care Act’s Progress on Delivery System Reform Is an Economic Imperative. (2015, March 24). Whitehouse.gov. Retrieved from https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2015/03/24/continuing-affordable-care-act-s-progress-delivery-system-reform-economic-imperative 

‌ Sample Response for PRESIDENTIAL AGENDAS NURS 6050

Hi Shannon, 

Good topic. The time for generics to be on the market has decreased but could possibly be decreased more. Novack found one pharmacy had a mark-up of 48% and another 84% for ophthalmic drops. Another example was an antidepressant for $220 at one pharmacy and the same prescription for $55 at a nearby warehouse store (2016). Why is the U.S. not able to get medications from other reliable countries? 

Dr. Robin 

Novack, G. D. (2016). What determines how much your patient pays for their medication in the united states? American Journal of Ophthalmology, 167, 48-51. doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2016.04.010