NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

Sample Answer for NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment Included After Question

Description:

 The purpose of this assignment is to provide research evidence in support of the PICOT you developed for your selected topic.

Conduct a search for 10 peer-reviewed, translational research articles published within the last 5 years that demonstrate support for your PICOT. You may include previous research articles from assignments completed in this course. Use the “Literature Evaluation Table” provided to evaluate the articles and explain how the research supports your PICOT.

Once your instructor returns this assignment, review the feedback and make any revisions necessary. If you are directed by your instructor to select different articles in order to meet the assignment criteria or to better support your PICOT, make these changes accordingly. You will use the literature evaluated in this assignment for all subsequent assignments you develop as part of your evidence-based practice project proposal in this course and in NUR-590, during which you will synthesize all of the sections into a final written paper detailing your evidence-based practice project proposal.

Refer to the “Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal – Assignment Overview” document for an overview of the evidence-based practice project proposal assignments.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

A Sample Answer For the Assignment:  NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

Title: NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

PICOT:

Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article	Article Title and Year Published	Research Questions/ Hypothesis, and Purpose/Aim of Study	Design (Quantitative, Qualitative, or other)	Setting/Sample	Methods: Intervention/ Instruments	Analysis/Data Collection	Outcomes/Key Findings	Recommendations	Explanation of How the Article Supports Your Proposed EBP Practice Project Proposal
Alotaibi, Y. K. & Federico, F. Saudi Medical Journal 38(12):1173-1180. doi: 10.15537/smj.2017.12.20631 10.15537/smj.2017.12.20631	The impact of health information technology on patient safety 2017	The purpose of the study was to review current scientific evidence on the effects of various health information technologies on enhancing patient safety.	The study is a systematic review of existing evidence from previous scientific research on the different types of technologies and their effects on patient safety.	The authors sampled previous studies based on set criteria: systematic reviews, meta-analysis and randomized clinical trials.	The interventions used include ascertaining the study designs meta-analysis and randomized clinical trials. The authors used published and non-published studies from January 2017.	The authors collected data from the various studies on different components of health information technology using certain key words like electronic medical records and Clinical Decision Support among others.	The outcomes from the study indicates that health information technology improves patient safety as it reduced medication errors, mitigates adverse drug reactions and improves compliance to set guidelines in practice.	The authors recommend the need for healthcare organizations to choose a technology that will them better as some technologies have limited evidence about their efficacy in improving patient safety outcomes.	The article supports the proposed EBP project proposal as it shows the need to integrate health information technology in healthcare to mitigate medication errors. The article offers an in-depth review of the existing evidence that supports implementing better interventions to reduce and prevent medication administration errors.
Trimble AN, Bishop B, Rampe N. American journal of health-system pharmacy: AJHP: official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. 2017;74:70-75. DOI: 10.2146/ajhp150726	Medication errors associated with transition from insulin pens to insulin vials 2017	The purpose of the paper was to show the root-cause of insulin administration errors that occurred after a facility’s transition from insulin pens to vials. The article describes the process improvement initiatives in the facility to prevent future errors.	The study design is qualitative as it is an observational study.	The setting was a 450-bed community hospital.	The intervention was use of root-cause analysis to identify the causes of the three medication errors that occurred after the transition.	The authors collected data from observing the administration of insulin to patients from using pens to insulin vials.	The findings show that different factors cause medication administration errors like insufficient nursing education, non-adherence to medication administration policies and procedures, and issues related to electronic health records.	The authors recommend the implementation of improvement initiatives to prevent the medication errors from occurring in the future like giving education to nurses and performance of safety rounds among other interventions.	The article is essential as it provides primary research findings about the issues that cause medication administration errors. The article will enhance evidence of the EBP project implementation as it validates use of technologies to reduce and prevent medication administration errors.
Härkänen, M., Vehviläinen-Julkunen, K., Murrells, T., Rafferty, A. M., & Franklin, B. D. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 15(7), 858-863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.11.010	Medication administration errors and mortality: Incidents reported in England and Wales between 2007 ̶ 2016 2019	The purpose of the study was to analyze medication administration errors occurring in acute care that leads to death, identify the drug involved, and a description of the features of the medication administration errors.	The study used existing reports in acute care about medication administration errors registered during the period.	The setting was acute care practices or areas in England and Wales.	The intervention focused on the characteristics of the medication administration errors in the facilities under review.	The authors collected data from reported medication administration errors in acute care settings between 2007 and 2016.	The findings suggest that a majority of errors in medication administration occur in wards and among patient aged over 75 years. The most prevalent group was omitted medicine or ingredient.	The authors record the need to focus on avoidance of dose omission and administration of drugs for patient over 75 years. The article also recommends safe administration of parenteral anticoagulants and antibacterial medicines	The article is essential in addressing the issue of different types of medication administration errors and where they happen. The article will offer in-depth analytical base to extract more evidence for the project.
Barakat, S. & Franklin, B. D. Pharmacy (Basel), 8(3):148.  doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8030148	An Evaluation of the Impact of Barcode Patient and Medication Scanning on Nursing Workflow at a UK Teaching Hospital. 2020	The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of Barcode medication administration (BCMA) on nursing activity and workflow.	The study used qualitative design as they employed observational approach.	The setting was in two surgical wards at a large acute facility in London.	The intervention was the implementation of BCMA in one acute ward and the other without the BCMA.	The study collected data from observation for ten consecutive weekdays and another ten weekdays after the implementation of the BCMA.	The article’s findings include increased workflow, patient verification and medication administration efficiencies.	The authors recommend more research to determine the effect of BCMA on timelines of medication administration.	The article is essential as it is a primary study on how integration of technology (BCMA) can enhance the medication process and reduce the possibility of medication administration errors. The article is important to the project as it gives more details on the need to implement health information technology in healthcare settings.
Alomari, A., Sheppard-Law, S., Lewis, J. & Wilson, V. The Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(17-18): 3403-3413. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15374	Effectiveness of Clinical Nurses’ interventions in reducing medication errors in a pediatric ward. 2020	The aim and objective of the study were to evaluate the impacts of bundle interventions which nurses can use to reduce medication administration errors. The authors also wanted to enhance nursing practice’s perception on medication administration process.	The article used a quantitative research design based on three phases of action research.	The setting was a specialized pediatric medical ward. The sample included six pediatric nurses as part of the Action Research team.	The project had multiple interventions like additional questions about parental involvement, quality and safety meeting each month and more time-space before nurses could end their shifts.	The study collected data during all the phases of action research.	The article shows that after implementing the interventions, the facility reduced medication errors by close to 60% despite an increase in patients and the number of prescribed medications	The article recommends the need to have clinically based nurses to participate in action research to enable them have practice reflection, develop and implement bundle interventions and have reduced cases of medication administration errors	The article is important as it demonstrates the role that action research plays in enhancing patient safety and quality of care. The article will be useful in understanding different ways to implement research to reduce medication administration errors.
Devin, J., Cleary, B. J. & Cullinan, S. BMC Systematic Reviews, 9(275). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01510-7	The impact of health information technology on prescribing errors in hospitals: a systematic review and behavior change technique analysis 2020	The aim of the study was to assess the impact of health information technologies to reduce prescribing errors in hospitals. The study also focused on identification of behavior change techniques to HIT implementation and lead to a reduction in these errors.	The article used a qualitative design as it reviewed existing research from different journal databases.	The settings were multiple as all studies were from previous research findings.	The intervention is the study was the use of behavioral change techniques associated with effective models to reduce medication administration errors.	The authors collected data from studies that met the selection criteria on different components of HIT like modifications of HIT.	The findings show that prescribing HIT is related to a reduction in prescribing errors in different healthcare settings.	The study recommends the need for effective use of behavioral change techniques to integrate HIT in prescribing to reduce medication errors.	The article is important to the EBP project as it shows the need to integrate behavioral change techniques for effective implementation of health information technology to reduce and prevent medication errors. The article will be used to offer detailed evidential account of implementing better HIT and training of individual employees for effective implementation.
Zadvinskis, I. M., Smith, J. G., & Yen, P. Y. JMIR medical informatics, 6(2), e38. doi: 10.2196/medinform.8734	Nurses’ experience with health information technology: Longitudinal qualitative study 2018	The aim of the study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of nurses in implementation of information technology over time in their facilities	The authors used a phenomenological approach for the longitudinal qualitative study to comprehend nurses’ perceptions	The sample comprised of clinical nurses who worked on a medical-surgical unit in an academic center	The instrument in the study was use of time points; 3,9, and 18 months after implementing different HITs in the unit.	The study’s data was compiled from the sampled nurses over the period of implementation in the medical-surgical unit.	The findings demonstrate two types of factors that facilitate HIT adoption; personal and organizational level issues. Nurses changed their perceptions about HIT after implementation.	The authors recommend that organizations should implement and invest in health information technologies and refine their policies to mirror nursing practice and enhance systems to focus on patient safety.	The article offers more relevant and appropriate information and data on implementing HIT to reduce medication administration errors that are caused by personal and organizational issues. The article will offer more insights on personal level issues to integrate HIT in nursing practice.
Naidu, M.  and Alicia, Y.L.Y.  Health, 11, 511-526. https://doi.org/10.4236/health.2019.115044	Impact of Bar-Code Medication Administration and Electronic Medication Administration Record System in Clinical Practice for an Effective Medication Administration Process 2019	The purpose of the study was to assess the use of barcode medication administration (BCMA) and electronic medication administration record (e-MAR) usage outcomes, clinical practices, policies and processes that impact nurses in their medication administration duties in their practice environment.	The authors conducted an annotated literature review on the implementation of innovations to enhance patient safety.	The authors conducted a review of literature and used samples and settings in those studies to understand the phenomenon under investigation.	The interventions include the use of HIT, clinical practices and policies, and processes affecting nurses administering medications in their clinical setting.	The article uses data from previous studies on the medication administration errors identified by the researchers.	The findings show that compliance to BCMA and e-MAR improves patient safety and a significant reduction in reported errors. The incorporation also improves efficiency of the BCMA system	The authors recommend the need for healthcare providers and organizations to embrace innovation as a way of reducing and preventing medication administration errors in their clinical practice.	The article is important as it shows the need to embrace technology and innovations that improve care delivery and efficiency. The article will be essential in offering more data and information on how innovation can offer better solutions to clinical practice problems and enhance patient safety and outcomes.
Jheeta, S. & Franklin, B. D. BMC Health Services Research, 17(547). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2462-2	The impact of a hospital electronic prescribing and medication administration system on medication administration safety: an observational study. 2017	The goals of the study were to compare the prevalence and types of medication administration errors, documentation of discrepancies between ePA system and paper data. The researchers also focused on making observable changes to the medication administration process using certain interventions	The authors conducted an observational qualitative study.	The setting was an elderly medicine ward in an English hospital.	The interventions included pre and post-ePA implementation time-points, and observation of nurses during the medication administration rounds; five days before and after implementation.	The authors collected data from the observations and documented medication administration errors in 428 potential occasions for errors.	The findings show that no alterations in rates of medication errors. However, the implementation encourages the occurrence of certain errors but mitigates others. The ePA implementation leads to significant increase in documentation of discrepancies.	The authors recommend the need to adopt ePA as a way of mitigating certain types of medication administration errors.	The article would be important to the EBP project since it contains data on different aspects of HIT that can be implemented to reduce and prevent medication administration errors. The study will enhance the project’s recommendations for better use of the outcomes.
Anazi, A. A. (2021). Health Informatics Journal, 27(1), 1460458220987276. https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458220987276	Medication reconciliation process: Assessing value, adoption, and the potential of information technology from pharmacists’ perspective. 2021	The purpose of the study was to address elements linked to medication reconciliation process as part of medication administration, the hurdles, and role of information technology in healthcare. The authors also focused on the requisite functionalities to achieve optimal medication reconciliation process.	The authors used a descriptive, cross-sectional study through a survey to examine opinions by pharmacists on the medication reconciliation process and the role of information technology in improving the process.	The sample included 319 respondents that practiced medication reconciliation process.	The interventions included the use of electronic health records (EHRs), and the use of electronic medication registration as the necessary technology instruments to implement medication reconciliation process.	The authors collected data from the opinions of pharmacists and even nurses that participated in the surveys.	The findings from the study emphasized the need for having well-designed medication reconciliation process through the help of information technology approaches.	The authors suggest the initiation of policies to mandate sharing of data necessary in creating a compiled medication list for individual patients. The authors emphasize the importance of medication reconciliation as part of enhancing patient safety in hospitals.	The article is essential as it gives a different perspective from other healthcare professionals on the importance of implementing medication reconciliation process to minimize occurrence of medication administration errors.

The purpose of this assignment is to provide research evidence in support of the PICOT you developed for your selected topic.

Conduct a search for 10 peer-reviewed, translational research articles published within the last 5 years that demonstrate support for your PICOT. You may include previous research articles from assignments completed in this course. Use the “Literature Evaluation Table” provided to evaluate the articles and explain how the research supports your PICOT.

Once your instructor returns this assignment, review the feedback and make any revisions necessary. If you are directed by your instructor to select different articles in order to meet the assignment criteria or to better support your PICOT, make these

changes accordingly. You will use the literature evaluated in this assignment for all subsequent assignments you develop as part of your evidence-based practice project proposal in this course and in NUR-590, during which you will synthesize all of the sections into a final written paper detailing your evidence-based practice project proposal.

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Refer to the “Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal – Assignment Overview” document for an overview of the evidence-based practice project proposal assignments.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

Literature Evaluation Table
Learner Name:
PICOT:

Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article
Article Title and Year Published
Research Questions/ Hypothesis, and Purpose/Aim of Study
Design (Quantitative, Qualitative, or other)
Setting/Sample
Methods: Intervention/ Instruments
Analysis/Data Collection
Outcomes/Key Findings
Recommendations
Explanation of How the Article Supports Your Proposed EBP Practice Project Proposal

Course Code Class Code Assignment Title Total Points

• NUR-550
• NUR-550-O503
• Evidence-Based Practice Project: Evaluation of Literature Table 150.0

Criteria Percentage Unsatisfactory (0.00%) Less Than Satisfactory (80.00%) Satisfactory (88.00%) Good (92.00%) Excellent (100.00%)
Content 100.0%
PICOT 5.0% The PICOT is omitted. NA NA NA The PICOT is clearly and accurately presented.

Articles 10.0% Required number of sources are not included. Article citations and permalinks are omitted. Number of required sources is only partially met. Article citations and permalinks are presented. One or more links do not lead to the intended article. Number of required sources is met, but some sources are outdated or inappropriate. Article citations and permalinks are presented. Article citations are presented, but there are errors. Sources are current and generally appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content. Article citations and permalinks are presented. Article citations are presented, but there are minor errors. Sources are current and highly appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content. Article citations and permalinks are presented. Article citations are accurate.

Research Question, Hypothesis, Purpose or Aim of Study 10.0% Research question, hypothesis, purpose or aim of study for one or more articles is omitted. Research question, hypothesis, purpose or aim of study for each article is presented, but key information is consistently omitted. There are inaccuracies throughout. Research question, hypothesis, purpose or aim of study for each article is presented. Key aspects are missing for one or two articles. There are minor inaccuracies. Research question, hypothesis, purpose or aim of study for each article is adequately presented. Minor detail is needed for accuracy or clarity. A discussion on the research question, hypothesis, purpose or aim of study is thoroughly and accurately presented for each article. Research Question, Hypothesis, Purpose or Aim of Study

Study Design 10.0% The study design for one or more article is omitted. The study design for each article is presented, but key information is consistently omitted. There are inaccuracies throughout. The study design is indicated for each article. Key aspects are missing for one or two articles. There are minor inaccuracies. The study design is adequately presented for each article. Minor detail is needed for accuracy or clarity. A thorough and accurate discussion on the study design for each article is presented.

Setting and Sample 10.0% The setting and sample are omitted for one or more of the articles. The setting and sample are indicated for each article, but key information is consistently omitted. There are inaccuracies throughout. The setting and sample are indicated for each article. Key aspects are missing for one or two articles. There are minor inaccuracies. The setting and sample are adequately presented for each article. Minor detail is needed for accuracy or clarity. The setting and sample in which the researcher conducted the study are detailed and accurate for each article.

Methods 10.0% Method of study for one or more articles is omitted. Overall, the methods of study are incomplete. The method of study is presented for each article, but key information is consistently omitted. There are inaccuracies throughout. The method of study for each article is presented. Key aspects are missing for one or two articles. There are minor inaccuracies An adequate discussion on the method of study for each article is presented. Minor detail is needed for accuracy or clarity. A thorough and accurate discussion on the method of study for each article is presented.

Analysis and Data Collection 10.0% Analysis and data collection for one or more articles is omitted. Overall, the analysis and data collection are incomplete. Analysis and data collection are presented for each article, but key information is consistently omitted. There are inaccuracies throughout. Analysis and data collection for each article are presented. Key aspects are missing for one or two articles. There are minor inaccuracies. An adequate discussion on the method of study for each article is presented. Minor detail is needed for accuracy or clarity. A thorough and accurate discussion on the analysis and data collection for each article is presented.

Outcomes and Key Findings 10.0% Outcomes and key findings for one or more articles are omitted. Overall, the outcomes and key findings are incomplete. Outcomes and key findings are presented for each article, but key information is consistently omitted. There are inaccuracies throughout. Outcomes and key findings for each article are presented. Key aspects are missing for one or two articles. There are minor inaccuracies. An adequate discussion on outcomes and key findings for each article are presented. Minor detail is needed for accuracy or clarity. A thorough and accurate discussion on the outcomes and key findings collection for each article are presented.

Recommendations 10.0% Researcher recommendations are omitted for one or more of the articles. The recommendations described for three or more articles are inaccurate or incomplete. Researcher recommendations are indicated for each article. The researcher recommendations described for two of the articles are inaccurate or incomplete. Researcher recommendations for each article are presented. Researcher recommendations described for one article are inaccurate or incomplete. Researcher recommendations for each article are accurately presented. Minor detail is needed for accuracy or clarity. Researcher recommendations are accurately and thoroughly described for each article.

Explanation of How Articles Support Proposed Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal 10.0% An explanation of how the article supports the proposed evidence-based practice project proposal is omitted for one or more of the articles. The explanation for three or more articles is inaccurate or incomplete. An explanation for how each article supports the proposed evidence-based practice project proposal is presented. The explanation for two of the articles is inaccurate or incomplete. A general explanation for how each article supports the proposed evidence-based practice project proposal is presented. The explanation for one article is inaccurate or incomplete. Support for the evidence-based project proposal is generally evident. An explanation for how each article supports the proposed evidence-based practice project proposal is presented. Minor detail is needed for accuracy or clarity. Adequate support for the evidence-based project proposal is demonstrated. A detailed explanation for how each article supports the proposed evidence-based practice project proposal is presented. Support for the evidence-based project proposal is clearly evident.

A Sample Answer For the Assignment:  NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

Title: NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

Topic 5 DQ 1

Identify either a safety or quality improvement initiative related to improving population health. Explain how translational research can influence the development of the initiative. Include a specific example to support your response.

Re: Topic 5 DQ 1
Discussion Question

Preventing catheter-related infections is an essential quality improvement technique that can be incorporated by healthcare providers to enhance population health. Patients in post-operative units are at risk of nosocomial infections due to the ineffectiveness of acute care services clouded by medical errors (Malek & Raad, 2020). A healthcare approach towards controlling the spread of these infections could significantly lower the morbidity and mortality rates of patients in acute care settings. Improper care for catheters could lead to vital health consequences especially for older adults or patients with comorbid illnesses (Malek & Raad, 2020). One example of a quality improvement initiative to prevent catheter-related infections is the introduction of hand hygiene protocols for both the patients and the providers. The hand, other body parts, and hospitals surfaces are critical agents of spreading these infections; therefore, a proper sanitation program would reduce these occurrences and promote population health.

Translational research can significantly influence the development of catheter-related prevention programs. This type of study focuses more on the practicality of medical concepts rather than just formulating foundations for knowledge development (Molas-Gallart et al., 2016). For instance, the World Health Organization’s (WHO) five handwashing moments is an example of a scientifically proven procedure for eliminating pathogens and harmful germs on the hand. The implementation of T3 could significantly improve the adoption of this technique for system-wide change which is vitally required especially for patients and providers in acute care settings. Moreover, the use of T3 would improve the dissemination and implementation of research that supports perceptions and facts on the importance of hand hygiene in preventing catheter-related infections.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment References

Malek, A. E., & Raad, I. I. (2020). Preventing catheter-related infections in cancer patients: a review of current strategies. Expert review of anti-infective therapy, 18(6), 531-538.

Molas-Gallart, J., D’Este, P., Llopis, O., & Rafols, I. (2016). Towards an alternative framework for the evaluation of translational research initiatives. Research Evaluation, 25(3), 235-243.

A Sample Answer For the Assignment:  NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

Title: NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

Re: Topic 5 DQ 1

Solving Population Health Problems through Translational Research

Translational research is a practical and goal oriented approach to solving population health problems. Covid 19 poses serious threats to human health and has led to massive loss of life as a result of complications such as breathing problems. Xie et al (2020) during a study conducted in Wuhan China found an association between hypoxemia and in-hospital mortality among patients admitted with Covid 19. Oxygenation was therefore adopted to avert deaths due to hypoxemia among patients who tested for the disease. As in the case of Covid 19, finding a suitable intervention for emerging illnesses may prove a challenge and lead to loss of life as well (NIH, 2020). When such illnesses occur and vital organs such as the lungs and heart are affected, it can be frustrating when people lose life while the medics work to figure out how to manage a disease. Translational research can help bridge the gap through designing and testing machines that help perform the functions of vital organs prolonging life as doctors find out what to do.

For instance, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is used to pump oxygen into the blood of patients outside the body when the affected lung or heart rests. Similar to the human lung the machine takes up carbon dioxide, oxygenates the blood and warms it to body temperature before it is pumped back (UCSF, n.d.). Translational research presents an opportunity to improve on the machine for ease of use through translational research so that death as a result of hypoxemia caused by Covid 19 can be averted. Additional translational research may be used to develop and test other artificial organs that can be used in the event that patients do not find a matching donor when in need of a transplant. This would be very helpful in improving quality of health care services offered and reduces medical errors due to panic when confronted with medical emergencies.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment References

NIH. (2020, December 17). Oxygenation and Ventilation. COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines. https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/management/critical-care/oxygenation-and-ventilation/

UCSF. (n.d.). Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO). Ucsfhealth.org. https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/extracorporeal-membrane-oxygenation

Xie, J., Covassin, N., Fan, Z., Singh, P., Gao, W., Li, G., & Somers, V. K. (2020, June).

Association between hypoxemia and mortality in patients with COVID-19. In Mayo Clinic Proceedings (Vol. 95, No. 6, pp. 1138-1147). Elsevier.

A Sample Answer For the Assignment:  NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

Title: NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

Re: Topic 5 DQ 2

Admitting a patient to inpatient care, whether planned or unplanned, is a complex process that requires coordination among physicians, nurses, registration/admitting staff, and others within the organization. Currently in my department we are monitoring the time it takes for a patient to be admitted from Day Surgery to inpatient once physician’s orders have been entered. Some of the challenges we have experienced are inpatient rooms are not cleaned in a timely manner after discharge, and difficulty giving SBAR handoff to inpatient nurses due to lack of availability (nurse off the unit, on lunch break etc.). According to Madan (2018), intra-hospital delays are common and is associated with increased healthcare cost. Madan (2018) further explained the primary reason this occurs is lack of inter-departmental coordination.

There are several reasons translating research into practice can pose a challenge. For example, Curtis et al. (2017) cited the following reasons, insufficient knowledge about the research process, lack of competence in reading and evaluating research or scientific articles and reports, lack of time, lack of knowledge of statistical analyses, and sometimes lack of authority to change practice, lack of access to research, inadequate resources to implement change, and lack of support from staff and colleagues. Therefore, it is important that policymakers, researchers, and clinicians are reminded that better health can only result from healthcare that is both scientifically and operationally sound to ensure the best possible care and treatment reaches the patient.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment References

Curtis, K., Fry, M., Shaban, R. Z., & Considine, J. (2017). Translating research findings to clinical nursing practice. Journal of clinical nursing, 26(5-6), 862–872. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13586

Madan, S. (2018). A prospective study of internal transfer delays in a private hospital of North India. Journal of Business and Management, 20 (10), 44-51. doi: 10.9790/487X-2010014451

Topic 6 DQ 1

Health promotion and prevention of diseases are crucial roles of the nurses and other healthcare providers. Nurses explore evidence-based interventions that can be used to prevent disease and injury occurrence and facilitate recovery. The adopted interventions should be patient-centered to optimize outcomes. A clinical preventive intervention adopted in the practice site to promote health and wellness for patients with diabetes is health education on diabetes self-management. Nurses and physicians have been trained to offer patient-centered health education to patients with diabetes to ensure its effective management. The health education focuses on various aspects of diabetes management. They include dietary modifications, engaging in active physical activities, self-monitoring of blood glucose levels, and medication adherence. The goals of the intervention are varied. They include reducing emergency department visits and hospitalizations for patients with diabetes, lowering healthcare costs, and complications attributed to diabetes (Hailu et al., 2019; Powers et al., 2020). The other aim is to empower patients to take responsibility for their health and effective management of diabetes.

The provision of patient education on diabetes self-management has been successful. First, the rate of hospitalization and emergency department visits among diabetic patients has decline by 25% over the last two months. The changes translate into a significant decline in the costs that patients could have incurred in seeking the care that they need. There has also been a decline in the rates of diabetes complications such as hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in the organization (Hermanns et al., 2020). The other measure of success for the intervention is the support from the staff. Nurses and physicians have been proactively involved in the implementation of the intervention. This can be seen from their dedication towards ensuring adequate education of all the patients diagnosed with diabetes.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment References

Hailu, F. B., Moen, A., & Hjortdahl, P. (2019). Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) – Effect on Knowledge, Self-Care Behavior, and Self-Efficacy Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Ethiopia: A Controlled Clinical Trial. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, 12, 2489–2499. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S223123

Hermanns, N., Ehrmann, D., Finke-Groene, K., & Kulzer, B. (2020). Trends in diabetes self-management education: Where are we coming from and where are we going? A narrative review. Diabetic Medicine, 37(3), 436–447. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.14256

Powers, M. A., Bardsley, J. K., Cypress, M., Funnell, M. M., Harms, D., Hess-Fischl, A., Hooks, B., Isaacs, D., Mandel, E. D., Maryniuk, M. D., Norton, A., Rinker, J., Siminerio, L. M., & Uelmen, S. (2020). Diabetes Self-management Education and Support in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Report of the American Diabetes Association, the Association of Diabetes Care & Education Specialists, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, the American Academy of PAs, the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, and the American Pharmacists Association. Diabetes Care, 43(7), 1636–1649. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci20-0023

A Sample Answer For the Assignment:  NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

Title: NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

The need for patient safety and improved quality of care implores organizations and providers to leverage evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions to address any issues that can lead to occurrence of adverse events in healthcare settings and impact patient outcomes. Falls and incidences of falling among adult patients in medical-surgical settings remain a healthcare safety challenge that requires effective interventions. Falls are considered sentinel and never events by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) because they are preventable through institution of different measures aimed at addressing their adverse effects (Cerilo et al.,2022). Falls lead to increased cost of care and stay, poor patient outcomes and in some cases, serious head injuries and fractures that can cause death (Khasnabish et al., 2020). The purpose of this literature evaluation table is to present different research articles on falls and assess their application in medical-surgical settings. The use of TIPS toolkit is considered as one of the ways to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls in different healthcare settings.

PICOT:

Among hospitalized adult patients in medical-surgical units (P) does the use of TIPS toolkit as a bundled care approach (I) compared to normal falls prevention approach (C) reduce the prevalence of falls (O) within 6 months (T)?

Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article	Article Title and Year Published	Research Questions/ Hypothesis, and Purpose/Aim of Study	Design (Quantitative, Qualitative, or other)	Setting/Sample	Methods: Intervention/ Instruments	Analysis/Data Collection	Outcomes/Key Findings	Recommendations	Explanation of How the Article Supports Your Proposed EBP Practice Project Proposal
Dykes, P. C., Burns, Z., Adelman, J., Benneyan, J., Bogaisky, M., Carter, E., Ergai, A., Lindros, M. E., Lipsitz, S. R., Scanlan, M., Shaykevich, S., & Bates, D. JAMA Network Open, 3(11), e2025889. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25889	Evaluation of a Patient-Centered Fall-Prevention Tool Kit to Reduce Falls and Injuries. 2020	The purpose of this study was to evaluate if a fall-prevention toolkit which engages patients and families in fall-prevention process during hospitalization leads to a reduction in falls and injurious falls.	The researchers used a nonrandomized controlled trials based in the stepped wedge design.	The setting comprised of 14 medical units in academic centers in Boston and New York. The participants were all hospitalized patents in the participating settings; the patients were 37 231.	The instrument was a nurse-based fall-prevention tool kit that links evidence-based measures to patient-focused risk factors. The method incorporated continuous patient and family engagement preventing occurrence of falls.	The study collected data based on the rate of patient falls and injurious falls in every 1000 patient-days on the units. The study analyzed the data using Poisson regression to estimate the frequency of falls in the facility.	The outcome of the study shows a positive correlation between the intervention and a reduction in falls. The article also found that the nurse-driven intervention reduced injurious falls by enabling the families to have sufficient information on different ways to prevent and reduce falls.	The study recommends the use of a nurse-led and patient-centered fall-prevention tool kit to reduce the rates of falls and injurious falls. The authors assert that providers can have different modalities to implement and integrate the intervention to reduce falls in medical-surgical units.	The article supports the EBP as it shows that the proposed intervention is based on evidence and is effective in reducing the rate of falls and injurious falls among hospitalized patients. The article will offer more information about the effectiveness and efficacy of fall prevention interventions tailored to the needs of a patient.
Tzeng, H.-M., Jansen, L. S., Okpalauwaekwe, U., Khasnabish, S., Andreas, B., & Dykes, P. C. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, https://doi.org/10.1097/ncq.0000000000000547	Adopting the Fall Tailoring Interventions for Patient Safety (TIPS) Program to Engage Older Adults in Fall Prevention in a Nursing Home 2021	The focus of the study was to evaluate the impact of fall (TIPS) program on prevention of falls and fall-associated injuries among older adults in nursing home.	The study used mixed method comprising of qualitative and quantitative approaches at various levels of the research gathered findings.	The study occurred in a 15-bed subacute nursing care unit.	The instrument entailed using fall TIPS initiative customized to setting The approach comprised of providing clinical decision support to prevent falls.	The article collected both qualitative and quantitative data based on the respective tools used. These included recording of monthly fall rates among patients within certain period for effective analysis.	The findings after the implementation of the Fall TIPS show that the rate of falls and injurious falls reduced with clinical significance. The researchers attribute the reduction in falls to awareness among patients, information offered to patients on the TIPS poster and other interventions like self-transfer.	The article recommends the implementation of Fall TIPS initiative in healthcare settings to lower falls and injurious fall incidents among older adult residents in nursing homes and other areas of care delivery. The article also recommends the need for larger studies in different healthcare settings to assess the overall effectiveness of such interventions.	The article supports the proposed EBP practice project proposal by demonstrating that the intervention is sound and based on evidence. The proposed EBP project focuses on reducing falls in medical-surgical unit and this study is categorical that such revelations are important to illustrate the efficacy of the Fall TIPS framework.
Morris, M. E., Webster, K., Jones, C., Hill, A. M., Haines, T., McPhail, S., … & Cameron, I. Age and Ageing, 51(5), afac077. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afac077	Interventions to reduce falls in hospitals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2022	The aim of the study was to enquire the effects of falls prevention interventions on fall rates and the risk of falling in healthcare facilities	The study is mixed as it uses a systematic review and meta-analysis.	The participants in the study were hospitalized adults	The intervention entailed staff and patient education, modification of the environment, use of assistive devices, development of policies and systems, medication management and rehabilitation as well as management of cognitive impairment	The researchers collected data from 43 studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria and 23 were included in the meta-analyses.	The findings show that the use of tailored interventions leads to a reduction in rates of falls and injurious falls. The outcomes also suggest that the use of multi-factorial interventions led to a positive impact on patient care.	The study recommends the use of patient and staff education as approaches that can have positive effects on hospital falls. The use of chair alarms, bed alarms, and wearable sensors and scored risk assessment tools did not reduce falls.	The study will be used in the EBP project proposal to demonstrate the need to use TIPS toolkit for both patients and staff with the aim of reducing and preventing the occurrence of falls and injurious falls in medical-surgical settings.
Heng, H., Jazayeri, D., Shaw, L., Kiegaldie, D., Hill, A. M., & Morris, M. E. BMC geriatrics, 20, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01515-w	Hospital falls prevention with patient education: a scoping review. 2020	The aim of the scoping review was to examine the content, design, and outcomes concerning patient education approaches to prevent hospital falls. The paper evaluates the significance of patient education to prevent falls and suggests for hospitals to implement in their clinical settings.	The study uses a methodological model developed by Arksey and O’Mallet and refined by Joanna Briggs Institute.	The researchers evaluated 43 articles in their analysis based on different interventions on patient education like face-to-face and educational tools.	The interventions included direct face-to-face education, educational tools, patient-focused consumer materials and hospital systems, policies and procedures	The researchers collected and analyzed data from existing studies. These included studies on falls or education associated outcomes before and after patient fall prevention education.	The findings from the article illustrate the effectiveness of the interventions that use patient education to reduce falls related to injuries like bruises, lacerations and fractures.	The study recommends the implementation of patient-centered prevention education as part of the TIPS approach to reducing falls in healthcare settings. The study observes that well-designed education initiatives can enhance knowledge and self-perception of risk and empower patients to lower their risk of falling while in hospitals.	The study is essential to the EBP project proposal since it illustrates the significance of having a patient-centered toolkit or intervention to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls among hospitalized patients. The article will offer more information on the efficacy of the TIPS model to reduce and prevent falls.
LeLaurin, J. H., & Shorr, R. I. Clinics in geriatric medicine, 35(2), 273-283. DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2019.01.007	Preventing falls in hospitalized patients: state of the science. 2019	The aim of this study was to familiarize the audience with the strengths and the cons of different types of research used in testing fall prevention approaches or interventions.	The article uses a review of existing literature or systematic review to highlight different studies on fall prevention in healthcare settings.	The researchers evaluate different articles based on their approaches to reducing falls in healthcare settings. These include quality improvement studies, randomized studies, and non-randomized studies a well as single fall prevention interventions and multifactorial one among others.	The interventions include focusing on single approaches as well as use multifactorial interventions.	The researchers collected and analyzed data from the different types of studies that they evaluated. The researchers focused on both single and multifactorial interventions to reduce and prevent patient falls.	The findings show that different interventions are effective based on a host of factors. Again, the study notes that single interventions are more practical compared to multifactorial interventions in prevention of falls.	The study recommends the implementation of all interventions, especially those emanating from research and are effective based on the healthcare setting. The study notes that the implementation of any of the interventions is the most essential for any patient safety initiative.	The article is essential to the EBP project proposal as it offers sufficient research evidence on the efficacy of the different interventions to prevent and reduce falls in healthcare settings.
Dykes, P. C., Adelman, J. S., Alfieri, L., Bogaisky, M., Carroll, D., Carter, E., … & Spivack, L. B. Nurse Leader, 17(4), 365-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2018.11.006	The fall TIPS (tailoring interventions for patient safety) program: A collaboration to end the persistent problem of patient Falls 2019	The aim of the article was to offer information to nurse leaders concerning evidence about the efficacy and effectiveness of the Fall TIPS program and how they can create collaborative teams as well as access resources to support implementation at their facilities.	The article uses a qualitative approach to the issue and proposes the integration of different teams to enhance the implementation of the intervention.	The researchers assess and appraise different articles since the development of the Fall TIPS in Boston and how organizations are leveraging it to offer care.	The main intervention is the implementation of the Fall TIPS initiatives in different settings to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls.	The researchers evaluate data from the existing studies for analysis. They do not collect any data since they only review existing studies’ findings.	The findings show that implementing a fall TIPS program can reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls in different care settings. The researchers are categorical that since its implementation, it has led to a significant reduction and prevention of falls.	The researchers recommend the use of TIPS in healthcare settings to reduce the occurrence of falls, especially in critical care settings with hospitalized adult patients	The resource is essential as it highlights the use of TIPS as an effective intervention in mitigating risks that may lead to falls. The resource will be used in the EBP project to demonstrate the need for TIPS as a way to reduce and prevent the occurrence of patient falls.
Cuttler, S. J., Barr-Walker, J., & Cuttler, L. BMJ open quality, 6(2), e000119. DOI: 10.1136/bmjoq-2017-000119	Reducing medical-surgical inpatient falls and injuries with videos, icons and alarms 2018	The focus of this article was to determine the effectiveness of patient education videos and visual signs with bed exit alarms to reduce falls among hospitalized medical-surgical inpatients.	The study used a performance improvement model based on historic control	The participants were adults in medical-surgical units.	The main intervention was a four-minute video for patients’ viewing by trained volunteers. The second intervention was having icons of risk factors and interventions on the patients’ bedsides. The third intervention was having a bed alarm for those confused patients at risk of falling.	The researchers collected and analyzed data based on the incidences in every 1000 patient days for patient falls, and falls with an injury and those with serious injuries	The findings show that these interventions reduced all different types of falls in every 1000 patient days. However, icons were not fully implemented.	The study recommends more studies, especially multicenter randomized controlled trials to confirm the effectiveness of icons and video interventions o reduce falls.	The article is critical to the EBP proposed project as it demonstrates that the use of TIPS toolkit is effective but requires increased involvement and integration of all stakeholders.
Bargmann, A. L., & Brundrett, S. M. Military medicine, 185(Supplement_2), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz411	Implementation of a multicomponent fall prevention program: Contracting with patients for fall safety 2020	The study aimed at the implementation of a multicomponent fall prevention program to enhance patient safety from falls and associated risks	The researchers developed a multicomponent approach to fall prevention that comprised of literature and use of a patient fall safety agreement in the facility.	The setting for the research was a 26-bed medical-surgical telemetry unit in a 352-bed level 1 trauma center. The center caters to both civilian and military beneficiaries.	The interventions include a patient fall safety agreement among the providers and EBP fall prevention bundle.	The researchers collected and analyzed data after four months to assess the rate of falls in the unit. They also collected data from an incentive program aimed at increasing adherence to patient safety approaches.	The findings from the study show that the agreements facilitated dialogue among nurses and other providers as well as patients. The findings show that these interventions lead to a reduction in patient falls within the facility	The study recommends the implementation of this intervention since it creates a collaborative environment for nurses and other professionals to carry out safe and quality patient care.	The article is essential to the EBP project because it shows the use of these interventions leads to a decrease in the number of falls in the unit. It also demonstrates the efficacy of using multiple components to reduce and prevent falls in acute care settings.
Duckworth, M., Adelman, J., Belategui, K., Feliciano, Z., Jackson, E., Khasnabish, S., … & Dykes, P. C. Journal of medical internet research, 21(1), e10008. DOI: 10.2196/10008	Assessing the Effectiveness of Engaging Patients and Their Families in the Three-Step Fall Prevention Process Across Modalities of an Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Toolkit: An Implementation Science Study 2019	The focus of the research was to determine the efficacy of fall TIPS tool in engaging patients through three-step fall prevention interventions	The researchers used random audits through a questionnaire. They also used the audits to measure adherence. They also used a case-control approach to understand the prevalence of patients using Fall TIPS to experience falls	The researchers utilized a randomized control trial with a sample size of over 10,000 subjects.	The intervention entailed conducting fall risk assessments, developing a tailored fall prevention plan, and implementing the plan consistently along other well accepted standards and precautions	The researchers collected data from the feedback offered by the participants in the site of the study. They analyzed the data using different fall modalities to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.	The findings show that each Fall TIPS modality led to the engagement of patients in the fall prevention process. The researchers assert that Fall TIPS modalities can enhance effective control of falls ad ensure that patients do not suffer from them.	The researchers recommend the use of the three modalities by healthcare organizations in different settings based on their abilities and one that aligns with the organizational culture.	The article is important to the EBP proposed project as it illustrates that importance of using the TIPS model as an intervention to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls in medical-surgical units. The intervention is important since it demonstrates the need for better patient outcomes.
Carter, E. J., Khasnabish, S., Adelman, J., Bogaisky, M., Lindros, M. E., Alfieri, L., … & Dykes, P. OBM Geriatrics, 4(2), 1-21. DOI:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002119.	Adoption of a Patient-Tailored Fall Prevention Program in Academic Health Systems: A Qualitative Study of Barriers and Facilitators. 2020	The aim of this study was to evaluate the facilitators and barriers to the adoption of Fall TIPS in healthcare settings.	The researchers used a multisite qualitative design.	The setting comprised of 11 hospitals that represented three academic health systems that had implemented Fall TIPS. The researchers identified 50 patients and 71 staff for the focus groups.	The interventions included interviews and focus groups where 71 nurses were analyzed.	The researchers collected data from these two cohorts and analyzed them using a conventional content analysis approach.	The findings show that the use of Fall TIPS led to increased levels of partnerships between nurses and patients. The fall prevention interventions were tailored to meet patient needs leading to better clinical decisions. The facilitators include motivation, use of residual fall prevention approaches and willfulness.	The researchers recommend the implementation of Fall TIPS to improve patient safety and prevent the occurrence of falls.	The article is essential as it shows the need for providers to integrate Fall TIPS where it works and leads to better patient safety measures.

Conclusion

The evaluation table is categorical that healthcare facilities and providers can mitigate falls through a raft of evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions like the Fall TIPS model. Existing literature is emphatic that these interventions are important in reducing falls and preventing their occurrence. The articles evaluated agree that while organizational challenges can arise in the implementation process, it is critical to evaluate all the aspects of the interventions to enhance adherence to the toolkit. The articles are important as they suggest implementation of the Fall TIPS framework across all areas of patient safety.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment References

Cerilo, P. C., & Siegmund, L. A. (2022). Pilot testing of nurse led multimodal intervention for falls prevention. Geriatric Nursing, 43, 242-248. DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.12.002

Khasnabish, S., Burns, Z., Couch, M., Mullin, M., Newmark, R., & Dykes, P. C. (2020). Best practices for data visualization: creating and evaluating a report for an evidence-based fall prevention program. Journal of the

            American Medical Informatics Association, 27(2), 308-314. DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocz190.

A Sample Answer For the Assignment:  NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

Title: NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment

The need for patient safety and improved quality of care implores organizations and providers to leverage evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions to address any issues that can lead to occurrence of adverse events in healthcare settings and impact patient outcomes. Falls and incidences of falling among adult patients in medical-surgical settings remain a healthcare safety challenge that requires effective interventions. Falls are considered sentinel and never events by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) because they are preventable through institution of different measures aimed at addressing their adverse effects (Cerilo et al.,2022). Falls lead to increased cost of care and stay, poor patient outcomes and in some cases, serious head injuries and fractures that can cause death (Khasnabish et al., 2020). The purpose of this literature evaluation table is to present different research articles on falls and assess their application in medical-surgical settings. The use of TIPS toolkit is considered as one of the ways to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls in different healthcare settings.

PICOT:

Among hospitalized adult patients in medical-surgical units (P) does the use of TIPS toolkit as a bundled care approach (I) compared to normal falls prevention approach (C) reduce the prevalence of falls (O) within 6 months (T)?

Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article	Article Title and Year Published	Research Questions/ Hypothesis, and Purpose/Aim of Study	Design (Quantitative, Qualitative, or other)	Setting/Sample	Methods: Intervention/ Instruments	Analysis/Data Collection	Outcomes/Key Findings	Recommendations	Explanation of How the Article Supports Your Proposed EBP Practice Project Proposal
Dykes, P. C., Burns, Z., Adelman, J., Benneyan, J., Bogaisky, M., Carter, E., Ergai, A., Lindros, M. E., Lipsitz, S. R., Scanlan, M., Shaykevich, S., & Bates, D. JAMA Network Open, 3(11), e2025889. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25889	Evaluation of a Patient-Centered Fall-Prevention Tool Kit to Reduce Falls and Injuries. 2020	The purpose of this study was to evaluate if a fall-prevention toolkit which engages patients and families in fall-prevention process during hospitalization leads to a reduction in falls and injurious falls.	The researchers used a nonrandomized controlled trials based in the stepped wedge design.	The setting comprised of 14 medical units in academic centers in Boston and New York. The participants were all hospitalized patents in the participating settings; the patients were 37 231.	The instrument was a nurse-based fall-prevention tool kit that links evidence-based measures to patient-focused risk factors. The method incorporated continuous patient and family engagement preventing occurrence of falls.	The study collected data based on the rate of patient falls and injurious falls in every 1000 patient-days on the units. The study analyzed the data using Poisson regression to estimate the frequency of falls in the facility.	The outcome of the study shows a positive correlation between the intervention and a reduction in falls. The article also found that the nurse-driven intervention reduced injurious falls by enabling the families to have sufficient information on different ways to prevent and reduce falls.	The study recommends the use of a nurse-led and patient-centered fall-prevention tool kit to reduce the rates of falls and injurious falls. The authors assert that providers can have different modalities to implement and integrate the intervention to reduce falls in medical-surgical units.	The article supports the EBP as it shows that the proposed intervention is based on evidence and is effective in reducing the rate of falls and injurious falls among hospitalized patients. The article will offer more information about the effectiveness and efficacy of fall prevention interventions tailored to the needs of a patient.
Tzeng, H.-M., Jansen, L. S., Okpalauwaekwe, U., Khasnabish, S., Andreas, B., & Dykes, P. C. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, https://doi.org/10.1097/ncq.0000000000000547	Adopting the Fall Tailoring Interventions for Patient Safety (TIPS) Program to Engage Older Adults in Fall Prevention in a Nursing Home 2021	The focus of the study was to evaluate the impact of fall (TIPS) program on prevention of falls and fall-associated injuries among older adults in nursing home.	The study used mixed method comprising of qualitative and quantitative approaches at various levels of the research gathered findings.	The study occurred in a 15-bed subacute nursing care unit.	The instrument entailed using fall TIPS initiative customized to setting The approach comprised of providing clinical decision support to prevent falls.	The article collected both qualitative and quantitative data based on the respective tools used. These included recording of monthly fall rates among patients within certain period for effective analysis.	The findings after the implementation of the Fall TIPS show that the rate of falls and injurious falls reduced with clinical significance. The researchers attribute the reduction in falls to awareness among patients, information offered to patients on the TIPS poster and other interventions like self-transfer.	The article recommends the implementation of Fall TIPS initiative in healthcare settings to lower falls and injurious fall incidents among older adult residents in nursing homes and other areas of care delivery. The article also recommends the need for larger studies in different healthcare settings to assess the overall effectiveness of such interventions.	The article supports the proposed EBP practice project proposal by demonstrating that the intervention is sound and based on evidence. The proposed EBP project focuses on reducing falls in medical-surgical unit and this study is categorical that such revelations are important to illustrate the efficacy of the Fall TIPS framework.
Morris, M. E., Webster, K., Jones, C., Hill, A. M., Haines, T., McPhail, S., … & Cameron, I. Age and Ageing, 51(5), afac077. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afac077	Interventions to reduce falls in hospitals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2022	The aim of the study was to enquire the effects of falls prevention interventions on fall rates and the risk of falling in healthcare facilities	The study is mixed as it uses a systematic review and meta-analysis.	The participants in the study were hospitalized adults	The intervention entailed staff and patient education, modification of the environment, use of assistive devices, development of policies and systems, medication management and rehabilitation as well as management of cognitive impairment	The researchers collected data from 43 studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria and 23 were included in the meta-analyses.	The findings show that the use of tailored interventions leads to a reduction in rates of falls and injurious falls. The outcomes also suggest that the use of multi-factorial interventions led to a positive impact on patient care.	The study recommends the use of patient and staff education as approaches that can have positive effects on hospital falls. The use of chair alarms, bed alarms, and wearable sensors and scored risk assessment tools did not reduce falls.	The study will be used in the EBP project proposal to demonstrate the need to use TIPS toolkit for both patients and staff with the aim of reducing and preventing the occurrence of falls and injurious falls in medical-surgical settings.
Heng, H., Jazayeri, D., Shaw, L., Kiegaldie, D., Hill, A. M., & Morris, M. E. BMC geriatrics, 20, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01515-w	Hospital falls prevention with patient education: a scoping review. 2020	The aim of the scoping review was to examine the content, design, and outcomes concerning patient education approaches to prevent hospital falls. The paper evaluates the significance of patient education to prevent falls and suggests for hospitals to implement in their clinical settings.	The study uses a methodological model developed by Arksey and O’Mallet and refined by Joanna Briggs Institute.	The researchers evaluated 43 articles in their analysis based on different interventions on patient education like face-to-face and educational tools.	The interventions included direct face-to-face education, educational tools, patient-focused consumer materials and hospital systems, policies and procedures	The researchers collected and analyzed data from existing studies. These included studies on falls or education associated outcomes before and after patient fall prevention education.	The findings from the article illustrate the effectiveness of the interventions that use patient education to reduce falls related to injuries like bruises, lacerations and fractures.	The study recommends the implementation of patient-centered prevention education as part of the TIPS approach to reducing falls in healthcare settings. The study observes that well-designed education initiatives can enhance knowledge and self-perception of risk and empower patients to lower their risk of falling while in hospitals.	The study is essential to the EBP project proposal since it illustrates the significance of having a patient-centered toolkit or intervention to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls among hospitalized patients. The article will offer more information on the efficacy of the TIPS model to reduce and prevent falls.
LeLaurin, J. H., & Shorr, R. I. Clinics in geriatric medicine, 35(2), 273-283. DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2019.01.007	Preventing falls in hospitalized patients: state of the science. 2019	The aim of this study was to familiarize the audience with the strengths and the cons of different types of research used in testing fall prevention approaches or interventions.	The article uses a review of existing literature or systematic review to highlight different studies on fall prevention in healthcare settings.	The researchers evaluate different articles based on their approaches to reducing falls in healthcare settings. These include quality improvement studies, randomized studies, and non-randomized studies a well as single fall prevention interventions and multifactorial one among others.	The interventions include focusing on single approaches as well as use multifactorial interventions.	The researchers collected and analyzed data from the different types of studies that they evaluated. The researchers focused on both single and multifactorial interventions to reduce and prevent patient falls.	The findings show that different interventions are effective based on a host of factors. Again, the study notes that single interventions are more practical compared to multifactorial interventions in prevention of falls.	The study recommends the implementation of all interventions, especially those emanating from research and are effective based on the healthcare setting. The study notes that the implementation of any of the interventions is the most essential for any patient safety initiative.	The article is essential to the EBP project proposal as it offers sufficient research evidence on the efficacy of the different interventions to prevent and reduce falls in healthcare settings.
Dykes, P. C., Adelman, J. S., Alfieri, L., Bogaisky, M., Carroll, D., Carter, E., … & Spivack, L. B. Nurse Leader, 17(4), 365-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2018.11.006	The fall TIPS (tailoring interventions for patient safety) program: A collaboration to end the persistent problem of patient Falls 2019	The aim of the article was to offer information to nurse leaders concerning evidence about the efficacy and effectiveness of the Fall TIPS program and how they can create collaborative teams as well as access resources to support implementation at their facilities.	The article uses a qualitative approach to the issue and proposes the integration of different teams to enhance the implementation of the intervention.	The researchers assess and appraise different articles since the development of the Fall TIPS in Boston and how organizations are leveraging it to offer care.	The main intervention is the implementation of the Fall TIPS initiatives in different settings to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls.	The researchers evaluate data from the existing studies for analysis. They do not collect any data since they only review existing studies’ findings.	The findings show that implementing a fall TIPS program can reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls in different care settings. The researchers are categorical that since its implementation, it has led to a significant reduction and prevention of falls.	The researchers recommend the use of TIPS in healthcare settings to reduce the occurrence of falls, especially in critical care settings with hospitalized adult patients	The resource is essential as it highlights the use of TIPS as an effective intervention in mitigating risks that may lead to falls. The resource will be used in the EBP project to demonstrate the need for TIPS as a way to reduce and prevent the occurrence of patient falls.
Cuttler, S. J., Barr-Walker, J., & Cuttler, L. BMJ open quality, 6(2), e000119. DOI: 10.1136/bmjoq-2017-000119	Reducing medical-surgical inpatient falls and injuries with videos, icons and alarms 2018	The focus of this article was to determine the effectiveness of patient education videos and visual signs with bed exit alarms to reduce falls among hospitalized medical-surgical inpatients.	The study used a performance improvement model based on historic control	The participants were adults in medical-surgical units.	The main intervention was a four-minute video for patients’ viewing by trained volunteers. The second intervention was having icons of risk factors and interventions on the patients’ bedsides. The third intervention was having a bed alarm for those confused patients at risk of falling.	The researchers collected and analyzed data based on the incidences in every 1000 patient days for patient falls, and falls with an injury and those with serious injuries	The findings show that these interventions reduced all different types of falls in every 1000 patient days. However, icons were not fully implemented.	The study recommends more studies, especially multicenter randomized controlled trials to confirm the effectiveness of icons and video interventions o reduce falls.	The article is critical to the EBP proposed project as it demonstrates that the use of TIPS toolkit is effective but requires increased involvement and integration of all stakeholders.
Bargmann, A. L., & Brundrett, S. M. Military medicine, 185(Supplement_2), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz411	Implementation of a multicomponent fall prevention program: Contracting with patients for fall safety 2020	The study aimed at the implementation of a multicomponent fall prevention program to enhance patient safety from falls and associated risks	The researchers developed a multicomponent approach to fall prevention that comprised of literature and use of a patient fall safety agreement in the facility.	The setting for the research was a 26-bed medical-surgical telemetry unit in a 352-bed level 1 trauma center. The center caters to both civilian and military beneficiaries.	The interventions include a patient fall safety agreement among the providers and EBP fall prevention bundle.	The researchers collected and analyzed data after four months to assess the rate of falls in the unit. They also collected data from an incentive program aimed at increasing adherence to patient safety approaches.	The findings from the study show that the agreements facilitated dialogue among nurses and other providers as well as patients. The findings show that these interventions lead to a reduction in patient falls within the facility	The study recommends the implementation of this intervention since it creates a collaborative environment for nurses and other professionals to carry out safe and quality patient care.	The article is essential to the EBP project because it shows the use of these interventions leads to a decrease in the number of falls in the unit. It also demonstrates the efficacy of using multiple components to reduce and prevent falls in acute care settings.
Duckworth, M., Adelman, J., Belategui, K., Feliciano, Z., Jackson, E., Khasnabish, S., … & Dykes, P. C. Journal of medical internet research, 21(1), e10008. DOI: 10.2196/10008	Assessing the Effectiveness of Engaging Patients and Their Families in the Three-Step Fall Prevention Process Across Modalities of an Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Toolkit: An Implementation Science Study 2019	The focus of the research was to determine the efficacy of fall TIPS tool in engaging patients through three-step fall prevention interventions	The researchers used random audits through a questionnaire. They also used the audits to measure adherence. They also used a case-control approach to understand the prevalence of patients using Fall TIPS to experience falls	The researchers utilized a randomized control trial with a sample size of over 10,000 subjects.	The intervention entailed conducting fall risk assessments, developing a tailored fall prevention plan, and implementing the plan consistently along other well accepted standards and precautions	The researchers collected data from the feedback offered by the participants in the site of the study. They analyzed the data using different fall modalities to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.	The findings show that each Fall TIPS modality led to the engagement of patients in the fall prevention process. The researchers assert that Fall TIPS modalities can enhance effective control of falls ad ensure that patients do not suffer from them.	The researchers recommend the use of the three modalities by healthcare organizations in different settings based on their abilities and one that aligns with the organizational culture.	The article is important to the EBP proposed project as it illustrates that importance of using the TIPS model as an intervention to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls in medical-surgical units. The intervention is important since it demonstrates the need for better patient outcomes.
Carter, E. J., Khasnabish, S., Adelman, J., Bogaisky, M., Lindros, M. E., Alfieri, L., … & Dykes, P. OBM Geriatrics, 4(2), 1-21. DOI:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002119.	Adoption of a Patient-Tailored Fall Prevention Program in Academic Health Systems: A Qualitative Study of Barriers and Facilitators. 2020	The aim of this study was to evaluate the facilitators and barriers to the adoption of Fall TIPS in healthcare settings.	The researchers used a multisite qualitative design.	The setting comprised of 11 hospitals that represented three academic health systems that had implemented Fall TIPS. The researchers identified 50 patients and 71 staff for the focus groups.	The interventions included interviews and focus groups where 71 nurses were analyzed.	The researchers collected data from these two cohorts and analyzed them using a conventional content analysis approach.	The findings show that the use of Fall TIPS led to increased levels of partnerships between nurses and patients. The fall prevention interventions were tailored to meet patient needs leading to better clinical decisions. The facilitators include motivation, use of residual fall prevention approaches and willfulness.	The researchers recommend the implementation of Fall TIPS to improve patient safety and prevent the occurrence of falls.	The article is essential as it shows the need for providers to integrate Fall TIPS where it works and leads to better patient safety measures.

Conclusion

The evaluation table is categorical that healthcare facilities and providers can mitigate falls through a raft of evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions like the Fall TIPS model. Existing literature is emphatic that these interventions are important in reducing falls and preventing their occurrence. The articles evaluated agree that while organizational challenges can arise in the implementation process, it is critical to evaluate all the aspects of the interventions to enhance adherence to the toolkit. The articles are important as they suggest implementation of the Fall TIPS framework across all areas of patient safety.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Evaluation of Literature Table Assignment References

Cerilo, P. C., & Siegmund, L. A. (2022). Pilot testing of nurse led multimodal intervention for falls prevention. Geriatric Nursing, 43, 242-248. DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.12.002

Khasnabish, S., Burns, Z., Couch, M., Mullin, M., Newmark, R., & Dykes, P. C. (2020). Best practices for data visualization: creating and evaluating a report for an evidence-based fall prevention program. Journal of the

            American Medical Informatics Association, 27(2), 308-314. DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocz190.