NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?

Chamberlain University NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Chamberlain University NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What? assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?                     

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Chamberlain University NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What? depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?                     

The introduction for the Chamberlain University NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What? is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?                     

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What? assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?                     

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?                     

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What? Included After Question

Pros and Cons of The Situation in The Case Study

The pros of accessibility to a limited data in PHR (Public Health Records) are related to the integrity keeping of patient’s mental health. Since, the patient is suffering from a terminal illness (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma) and it is inappropriate and unethical to make the serious revelations about the patients’ health to her directly. Direct revelations may have psychological effects on patients’ health and may worsen the condition. According to Lester, Boateng, Studeny, & Coustasse (2016), mostly patients over 65 years of age possess less medical knowledge and therefore they should be less educated about their condition. The possible cons of limited data access is inclusive of the difficulty faced by physicians in making decisions about the treatment intervention if there is interoperability between different health care systems. Moreover, if any medical error occurs, then they cannot be rectified instantly.

Safeguards in Patient Portals and PHRs to Ensure Safety

According to Wolff, Darer, & Larsen (2016), HIPAA has given rules to safeguard the PHR data. These rules can give patient and their trusted relatives’ access to information regarding a patient’s health and appropriate usage. Wang (2015), addressed that the security issues should be solved by adapting to new technologies such as smart meters, Low-Power Personal Area Networks, cellular networks, RFID (Radio-Frequency Indication), sensing devices to maintain the privacy of patient information.

Patient Obtaining Personal Health Records

Physicians need to store data of their patients. The system by which data is stored electronically gives rise to EHR. The data is entered in EHR directly by physicians however one approach is to make patients the guardian of their data themselves called PHR (Roehrs, da Costa, Righi, & de Oliveira 2017). In PHR the login details of the account are provided to patient. The patient can monitor their data and can see their wellness. I agree with this method because in this way patients are well aware of their past and present medical status. The record of medications and drug interaction allows the patient to be more careful and take precautions regarding drug use.

Challenges for Patients Not Having Access to All of PHRs

The PHR where there is read-only information provided is called tethered PHR that is linked to health care organization. Due to restricted access to some PHR, the patient is not able to know about all of their diagnostic, treatment interventions leaving them to have mental stress. However, a portion of PHR access is beneficial for the patient because some patients might not have the literacy level to understand the medical terminologies and knowledge of computers. Data confidentiality is another issue due to which limited access is granted to patients. However, interoperability should be established between different health care settings and diagnostic labs so that problems are not faced when a patient visits multiple health care facilities. Moreover, the relevant physician should have an easy connection to the patient’s past and present medical conditions from PHRs (Al-Sahan & Saddik 2016).

References

Al-Sahan A MSc (HI), & Saddik B PhD, MPH (2016). Perceived challenges for adopting the Personal Health Record (PHR) at Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA)- Riyadh. Online journal of public health informatics, 8(3), e205. https://doi.org/10.5210/ojphi.v8i3.6845

Lester, M., Boateng, S., Studeny, J., & Coustasse, A. (2016). Personal Health Records: Beneficial or Burdensome for Patients and Healthcare Providers?. Perspectives in health information management, 13(Spring), 1h.

Roehrs, A., da Costa, C. A., Righi, R. D., & de Oliveira, K. S. (2017). Personal Health Records: A Systematic Literature Review. Journal of medical Internet research, 19(1), e13. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.5876

Wang, C. K. (2015). Security and privacy of personal health record, electronic medical record and health information. Problems and perspectives in management, (13, Iss. 4), 19-26.

Wolff, J. L., Darer, J. D., & Larsen, K. L. (2016). Family caregivers and consumer health information technology. Journal of general internal medicine, 31(1), 117-121.

A Sample Answer 2 For the Assignment: NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?

Title: NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?

I agree with your detailed discussion highlighting the pros and cons of EHR and the benefits that it facilitates to the patient. However, don’t you think that the improved accessibility to medical records by the patients can pose a negative impact on their mental health? For instance, patients above 65 years have been suggested to have less acknowledgment regarding their disease status, since, they do not have an adequate medical awareness (Lester, Boateng, Studeny, & Coustasse 2016). As far as the issue of safeguarding is concerned, I strongly agree with employing the usage of security questions, PINs, and MRN numbers. We hope that the EHR with all the technological advancements continues to serve humanity and help it in attaining positive health care outcomes.  

Reference

Lester, M., Boateng, S., Studeny, J., & Coustasse, A. (2016). Personal Health Records: Beneficial or Burdensome for Patients and Healthcare Providers?. Perspectives in health information management, 13(Spring), 1h.

A Sample Answer 3 For the Assignment: NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?

Title: NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?

Just to add, PHRs can help your patients adequately maintain their care. Having relevant health information – such as immunization records, lab results, and screening due dates – in electronic form makes it accessible for patients to update and share their documents. PHRs can Enhance Patient Engagement. Much of what your patients do for their health happens outside clinical settings. When your patients can track their health over time and have information and tools to manage their health, they can be more engaged in their health and health care (healthhit.gov, 2016).

Reference

What are the benefits of personal health records? (2016). Retrieved from https://www.healthit.gov/faq/what-are-benefits-personal-health-recordsLinks to an external site.

Case Study: A 65-year-old woman was just been diagnosed with Stage 3 non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. She was informed of this diagnosis in her primary care physician’s office. She leaves her physician’s office and goes home to review all of her tests and lab results with her family. She goes home and logs into her PHR. She is only able to pull up a portion of her test results. She calls her physician’s office with concern. The office staff discussed that she had gone to receive part of her lab work at a lab not connected to the organization, part was completed at the emergency room, and part was completed in the lab that is part of the doctor’s office organization.

The above scenario might be a scenario that you have commonly worked with in clinical practice. For many reasons, patients often receive healthcare from multiple organizations that might have different systems.

As you review this scenario, reflect and answer these questions for this discussion.

• What are the pros and cons of the situation in the case study?
• What safeguards are included in patient portals and PHRs to help patients and healthcare professionals ensure safety?
• Do you agree or disagree with this process?
• What are challenges for patients that do not have access to all of the EHRs? Remember, only portions of the EHRs are typically included in the PHRs.

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APA Writing Checklist

Use this document as a checklist for each paper you will write throughout your GCU graduate

program. Follow specific instructions indicated in the assignment and use this checklist to help ensure correct grammar and APA formatting. Refer to the APA resources available in the GCU Library and Student Success Center.

☐ APA paper template (located in the Student Success Center/Writing Center) is utilized for the correct format of the paper. APA style is applied, and format is correct throughout.

☐  The title page is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☐ The introduction is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☐ Topic is well defined.

☐ Strong thesis statement is included in the introduction of the paper.

☐ The thesis statement is consistently threaded throughout the paper and included in the conclusion.

☐ Paragraph development: Each paragraph has an introductory statement, two or three sentences as the body of the paragraph, and a transition sentence to facilitate the flow of information. The sections of the main body are organized to reflect the main points of the author. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.

☐ All sources are cited. APA style and format are correctly applied and are free from error.

☐ Sources are completely and correctly documented on a References page, as appropriate to assignment and APA style, and format is free of error.

Scholarly Resources: Scholarly resources are written with a focus on a specific subject discipline and usually written by an expert in the same subject field. Scholarly resources are written for an academic audience.

Examples of Scholarly Resources include: Academic journals, books written by experts in a field, and formally published encyclopedias and dictionaries.

Peer-Reviewed Journals: Peer-reviewed journals are evaluated prior to publication by experts in the journal’s subject discipline. This process ensures that the articles published within the journal are academically rigorous and meet the required expectations of an article in that subject discipline.

Empirical Journal Article: This type of scholarly resource is a subset of scholarly articles that reports the original finding of an observational or experimental research study. Common aspects found within an empirical article include: literature review, methodology, results, and discussion.

Adapted from “Evaluating Resources: Defining Scholarly Resources,” located in Research Guides in the GCU Library.

☐ The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. Utilize writing resources such as Grammarly, LopesWrite report, and ThinkingStorm to check your writing.

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5. Grading Rubric

Discussion Criteria	 A (100%) Outstanding or highest level of performance 	B (87%) Very good or high level of performance	C (76%) Competent or satisfactory level of performance	F (0) Poor or failing or unsatisfactory level of performance
Answers the initial graded threaded discussion question(s)/topic(s), demonstrating knowledge and understanding of concepts for the week. 16 points	Addresses all aspects of the initial discussion question(s) applying experiences, knowledge, and understanding regarding all weekly concepts.16 points	Addresses most aspects of the initial discussion question(s) applying experiences, knowledge, and understanding of most of the weekly concepts.14 points	Addresses some aspects of the initial discussion question(s) applying experiences, knowledge, and understanding of some of the weekly concepts.12 points	Minimally addresses the initial discussion question(s) or does not address the initial question(s).0 points
Integrates evidence to support discussion. Sources are credited.* ( APA format not required) 12 points	Integrates evidence to support your discussion from:assigned readings** OR online lessons, ANDat least one outside scholarly source.***Sources are credited.*12 points	Integrates evidence to support discussion from:assigned readings OR online lesson.Sources are credited.*10 points	Integrates evidence to support discussion only from an outside source with no mention of assigned reading or lesson.Sources are credited.*9 points	Does not integrate any evidence.0 points
Engages in meaningful dialogue with classmates or instructor before the end of the week. 14 points	Responds to a classmate and/or instructor’s post furthering the dialogue by providing more information and clarification, thereby adding much depth to the discussion.14 points	Responds to a classmate and/or instructor furthering the dialogue by adding some depth to the discussion.12 points	Responds to a classmate and/or instructor but does not further the discussion.10 points	No response post to another student or instructor.0 points
Communicates in a professional manner. 8 points	Presents information using clear and concise language in an organized manner (minimal errors in English grammar, spelling, syntax, and punctuation).8 points	Presents information in an organized manner (few errors in English grammar, spelling, syntax, and punctuation).7 points	Presents information using understandable language but is somewhat disorganized (some errors in English grammar, spelling, syntax, and punctuation).6 points	Presents information that is not clear, logical, professional or organized to the point that the reader has difficulty understanding the message (numerous errors in English grammar, spelling, syntax, and/or punctuation).0 points
PARTICIPATION: Response to initial question: Responds to initial discussion question(s) by Wednesday, 11:59 p.m. M.T.	0 points lostStudent posts an answer to the initial discussion question(s) by Wednesday, 11:59 p . m. MT.		-5 pointsStudent does not post an answer to the initial discussion question(s) by Wednesday, 11:59 p . m. MT.
PARTICIPATION Total posts: Participates in the discussion thread at least three times on at least two different days.	0 points lostPosts in the discussion at least three times AND on two different days.		-5 pointsPosts fewer than three times OR does not participate on at least two different days.