NURS 6501 Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders
Walden University NURS 6501 Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders-Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University NURS 6501 Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NURS 6501 Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University NURS 6501 Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NURS 6501 Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders
The introduction for the Walden University NURS 6501 Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
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How to Write the Body for NURS 6501 Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NURS 6501 Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NURS 6501 Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NURS 6501 Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Knowledge Check: Psychological Disorders NURS 6501
KNOWLEDGE CHECK: PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS NURS 6501
Instructions
In this exercise, you will complete a 5-essay type question Knowledge Check to gauge your understanding of this module’s content.
Possible topics covered in this Knowledge Check include:
- Generalized anxiety disorder
- Depression
- Bipolar disorders
- Schizophrenia
- Delirium and dementia
- Obsessive compulsive disease
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
Complete the Knowledge Check by Day 7 of Week 9.
Attempt History
| Attempt | Time | Score | |
|---|---|---|---|
| LATEST | Attempt 1 | 6,192 minutes | 0 out of 20 * |
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Questions
1. What are known characteristics of schizophrenia and relate those to this patient.
Your Answer:
Schizophrenia is characterized by positive symptoms, including delusions, hallucinations,
disordered thoughts, speech and behavior, and incomprehensive language. It also presents negative symptoms like lack of motivation, decreased emotional range, inability to find pleasure in pleasurable activities, acting without thinking of consequences, apathy, speaking very little, and a flattened effect (Kong et al., 2020). Patients also have mood symptoms and can be sad or depressed. The patient has clinical features of schizophrenia like auditory and visual hallucinations, persecutory delusions, mood symptoms with unexpected rage and crying, and disorganized speech.
Question 2
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Question:
1. Genetics are sometimes attached to schizophrenia explain this.
Your Answer:
Schizophrenia is a multifactorial condition caused by an interaction of multiple epigenetic processes, susceptibility genes, and environmental factors. Genetic epidemiological studies propose that the lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia in the general population is 0.5-1%. However, this increases when one has relatives with the disorder. According to Trifu et al. (2020), the risk of having schizophrenia is estimated at 2% for third-degree relatives, 9% for first-degree relatives, 27% for children of both affected parents, and 50% for monozygotic twins.
Question 3
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Question:
What roles do neurotransmitters play in the development of schizophrenia?
Your Answer:
Schizophrenia is thought to be caused by dysregulation and imbalance of neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. Reduced dopamine activity in the mesocortical system is associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia, while increased dopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic system causes positive symptoms. McCutcheon et al. (2020) explain that the dopamine hypothesis proposes that schizophrenia patients have hyperactive dopamine transmission in the mesolimbic areas and hypoactive transmission in the prefrontal cortex. Other neurotransmitters, like norepinephrine, serotonin, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), are also thought to be involved in the development of schizophrenia.
Question 4
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Questions:
Explain what structural abnormalities are seen in people with schizophrenia.
Your Answer:
Structural changes in the brain’s white matter, grey matter, and size have been established in the controlled neuropathology of schizophrenia. The structural abnormalities identified in schizophrenia patients include a decreased volume of the brain’s grey matter in the prefrontal, superior temporal, and medial temporal areas (Kong et al., 2020). These affected areas are involved in critical brain functions like short-term memory, episodic memory processing of auditory information, and decision-making. Other structural abnormalities in persons with schizophrenia include a reduced volume of the hippocampus, thalamus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens and intracranial space, and larger pallidum and ventricle (Kong et al., 2020).
Question 5
Scenario 2: Bipolar Disorder
A 44-year-old female came to the clinic today brought in by her husband. He notes that she has been with various states of depression and irritability over the past 3 months with extreme fatigue, has lost 20 pounds and has insomnia. He has come home from work to find his wife sitting in front of the TV and not moving for hours. In the past few days, she suddenly has become very hyperactive, has been talking incessantly, has been easily distracted and seems to “flit from one thing to another.”. She hasn’t slept in 3 days. The wife went on an excessive shopping spree for new clothes that resulted in their credit card being denied for exceeding the line of credit. The wife is unable to sit in the exam room and is currently pacing the hallway muttering to herself and is reluctant to talk with or be examined the ARNP. Physical observation shows agitated movements, rapid fire speech, and hyperactivity.
DIAGNOSIS: bipolar type 2 disorder.
Question
1. How does genetics play in the development of bipolar 2 disorders?
Your Answer:
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a highly heritable psychiatric condition and is highly heterogeneous and polygenic. It exhibits significant genetic overlap with other psychiatric conditions. According to O’Connell and Coombes (2021), it is well-established that the familial risk of BD is related to an increased risk of other mental disorders like schizophrenia, anxiety, d depression, drug abuse, ADHD, personality disorders, and autism spectrum disorder. Schizophrenia, Autism, and depression have the strongest genetic link with BD, as found in family studies. Furthermore, individuals with relatives with BD have a high risk for BD than the general population.
Question 1
4 out of 4 points
| Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying. PMH: noncontributory FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”. SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses. PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed. DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia. Questions1. What are known characteristics of schizophrenia and relate those to this patient. |
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Question 2
4 out of 4 points
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Scenario 1: SchizophreniaA 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying. PMH: noncontributory FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”. SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses. PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed. DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia. Question:1. Genetics are sometimes attached to schizophrenia explain this. |
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Attempt History
| Attempt | Time | Score | |
| LATEST | Attempt 1 | 6,192 minutes | 0 out of 20 * |
* Some questions not yet graded
Score for this quiz: 0 out of 20 *
Submitted Jan 28 at 6:04am
This attempt took 6,192 minutes.
Question 1
Not yet graded / 4 pts
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Questions
1. What are known characteristics of schizophrenia and relate those to this patient.
Your Answer:
Schizophrenia is characterized by positive symptoms, including delusions, hallucinations, disordered thoughts, speech and behavior, and incomprehensive language. It also presents negative symptoms like lack of motivation, decreased emotional range, inability to find pleasure in pleasurable activities, acting without thinking of consequences, apathy, speaking very little, and a flattened effect (Kong et al., 2020). Patients also have mood symptoms and can be sad or depressed. The patient has clinical features of schizophrenia like auditory and visual hallucinations, persecutory delusions, mood symptoms with unexpected rage and crying, and disorganized speech.
Question 2
Not yet graded / 4 pts
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Question:
1. Genetics are sometimes attached to schizophrenia explain this.
Your Answer:
Schizophrenia is a multifactorial condition caused by an interaction of multiple epigenetic processes, susceptibility genes, and environmental factors. Genetic epidemiological studies propose that the lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia in the general population is 0.5-1%. However, this increases when one has relatives with the disorder. According to Trifu et al. (2020), the risk of having schizophrenia is estimated at 2% for third-degree relatives, 9% for first-degree relatives, 27% for children of both affected parents, and 50% for monozygotic twins.
Question 3
Not yet graded / 4 pts
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Question:
What roles do neurotransmitters play in the development of schizophrenia?
Your Answer:
Schizophrenia is thought to be caused by dysregulation and imbalance of neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. Reduced dopamine activity in the mesocortical system is associated with negative symptoms of schizophrenia, while increased dopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic system causes positive symptoms. McCutcheon et al. (2020) explain that the dopamine hypothesis proposes that schizophrenia patients have hyperactive dopamine transmission in the mesolimbic areas and hypoactive transmission in the prefrontal cortex. Other neurotransmitters, like norepinephrine, serotonin, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), are also thought to be involved in the development of schizophrenia.
Question 4
Not yet graded / 4 pts
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Questions:
Explain what structural abnormalities are seen in people with schizophrenia.
Your Answer:
Structural changes in the brain’s white matter, grey matter, and size have been established in the controlled neuropathology of schizophrenia. The structural abnormalities identified in schizophrenia patients include a decreased volume of the brain’s grey matter in the prefrontal, superior temporal, and medial temporal areas (Kong et al., 2020). These affected areas are involved in critical brain functions like short-term memory, episodic memory processing of auditory information, and decision-making. Other structural abnormalities in persons with schizophrenia include a reduced volume of the hippocampus, thalamus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens and intracranial space, and larger pallidum and ventricle (Kong et al., 2020).
Question 5
Not yet graded / 4 pts
Scenario 2: Bipolar Disorder
A 44-year-old female came to the clinic today brought in by her husband. He notes that she has been with various states of depression and irritability over the past 3 months with extreme fatigue, has lost 20 pounds and has insomnia. He has come home from work to find his wife sitting in front of the TV and not moving for hours. In the past few days, she suddenly has become very hyperactive, has been talking incessantly, has been easily distracted and seems to “flit from one thing to another.”. She hasn’t slept in 3 days. The wife went on an excessive shopping spree for new clothes that resulted in their credit card being denied for exceeding the line of credit. The wife is unable to sit in the exam room and is currently pacing the hallway muttering to herself and is reluctant to talk with or be examined the ARNP. Physical observation shows agitated movements, rapid fire speech, and hyperactivity.
DIAGNOSIS: bipolar type 2 disorder.
Question
1. How does genetics play in the development of bipolar 2 disorders?
Your Answer:
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a highly heritable psychiatric condition and is highly heterogeneous and polygenic. It exhibits significant genetic overlap with other psychiatric conditions. According to O’Connell and Coombes (2021), it is well-established that the familial risk of BD is related to an increased risk of other mental disorders like schizophrenia, anxiety, d depression, drug abuse, ADHD, personality disorders, and autism spectrum disorder. Schizophrenia, Autism, and depression have the strongest genetic link with BD, as found in family studies. Furthermore, individuals with relatives with BD have a high risk for BD than the general population.
Quiz Score: 0 out of 20
QUESTION 1
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Questions
1. What are known characteristics of schizophrenia and relate those to this patient.
QUESTION 2
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Question:
1. Genetics are sometimes attached to schizophrenia explain this.
QUESTION 3
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Question:
What roles do neurotransmitters play in the development of schizophrenia?
QUESTION 4
Scenario 1: Schizophrenia
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Questions:
Explain what structural abnormalities are seen in people with schizophrenia.
QUESTION 5
Scenario 2: Bipolar Disorder
A 44-year-old female came to the clinic today brought in by her husband. He notes that she has been with various states of depression and irritability over the past 3 months with extreme fatigue, has lost 20 pounds and has insomnia. He has come home from work to find his wife sitting in front of the TV and not moving for hours. In the past few days, she suddenly has become very hyperactive, has been talking incessantly, has been easily distracted and seems to “flit from one thing to another.”. She hasn’t slept in 3 days. The wife went on an excessive shopping spree for new clothes that resulted in their credit card being denied for exceeding the line of credit. The wife is unable to sit in the exam room and is currently pacing the hallway muttering to herself and is reluctant to talk with or be examined the ARNP. Physical observation shows agitated movements, rapid fire speech, and hyperactivity.
DIAGNOSIS: bipolar type 2 disorder.
Question
1. How does genetics play in the development of bipolar 2 disorders?
A 22-year-old female student was brought to her college student health department by her boyfriend. He was concerned about the changes in her behavior. The boyfriend noted that she has been hearing voices, and seeing things that are not there. She also thinks that there are people that want to harm her. She told her family that she cannot finish college as the voices told her to quit because she is “dumb”. The boyfriend relates episodes of unexpected rage and crying.
PMH: noncontributory
FH: positive for a first cousin who “had mental problems”.
SH: Denies current drug abuse but states he smoked marijuana every day during junior and senior years of high school. Admits to drinking heavily on weekends at various fraternity houses.
PE: thin, anxious disheveled female who, during conversations, stops talking, tilts her head and appears to be listening to something. There is poor eye contact and conversation is disjointed.
DIAGOSIS: schizophrenia.
Questions
1. What are known characteristics of schizophrenia and relate those to this patient.
The characteristics of schizophrenia include positive, negative, mood, and cognitive symptoms. Positive symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and disorganized/catatonic behavior. Negative symptoms include avolition, apathy, abhuria, alogia, and anhedonia (Mosolov & Yaltonskaya, 2022). The patient presents with symptoms consistent with schizophrenia, like auditory and visual hallucinations, paranoid delusions, disjointed conversation, and mood symptoms such as unexpected rage and crying.
Reference
Mosolov, S. N., & Yaltonskaya, P. A. (2022). Primary and Secondary Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia. Frontiers in psychiatry, 12, 766692. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.766692
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