EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE

Grand Canyon University EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550 assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550 depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550 is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

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How to Write the Body for EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550

After the introduction, move into the main part of the EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550 assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550 Included After Question

Description:

Learners will select a valid nursing practice problem for an evidence-based practice project proposal. The project will be completed in sections, beginning in NUR-550 and culminating in a final written paper detailing the evidence-based practice proposal in NUR-590.

The purpose of this assignment is to select a relevant nursing practice problem for your evidence-based practice project proposal. To identify a relevant problem, consider problems generally faced in nursing practice (coordination of health care, assessment, education, patient
support, trauma prevention, recovery, health screenings, etc.). Use the “PICOT Draft” template to complete this assignment.

Use a national, state or local population health care database to research indicators of disparity. Choose a mortality/morbidity indicator to identify a clinical problem or issue that you want to explore pertaining to a population of focus. Use this indicator to begin to formulate a PICOT statement.

Refer to the “Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal – Assignment Overview” document for an overview of the evidence-based practice project proposal assignments.

You are required to cite one peer-reviewed source to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

A Sample Answer For the Assignment: EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550

Title: EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550

Learner Name:

PICOT:

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Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article	Article Title and Year Published	Research Questions/ Hypothesis, and Purpose/Aim of Study	Design (Quantitative, Qualitative, or other)	Setting/Sample	Methods: Intervention/ Instruments	Analysis/Data Collection	Outcomes/Key Findings	Recommendations	Explanation of How the Article Supports Your Proposed EBP Practice Project Proposal
Alotaibi, Y. K. & Federico, F. *Saudi Medical Journal* 38(12):1173-1180. doi: 10.15537/smj.2017.12.20631 10.15537/smj.2017.12.20631	The impact of health information technology on patient safety 2017	The purpose of the study was to review current scientific evidence on the effects of various health information technologies on enhancing patient safety.	The study is a systematic review of existing evidence from previous scientific research on the different types of technologies and their effects on patient safety.	The authors sampled previous studies based on set criteria: systematic reviews, meta-analysis and randomized clinical trials.	The interventions used include ascertaining the study designs meta-analysis and randomized clinical trials. The authors used published and non-published studies from January 2017.	The authors collected data from the various studies on different components of health information technology using certain key words like electronic medical records and Clinical Decision Support among others.	The outcomes from the study indicates that health information technology improves patient safety as it reduced medication errors, mitigates adverse drug reactions and improves compliance to set guidelines in practice.	The authors recommend the need for healthcare organizations to choose a technology that will them better as some technologies have limited evidence about their efficacy in improving patient safety outcomes.	The article supports the proposed EBP project proposal as it shows the need to integrate health information technology in healthcare to mitigate medication errors. The article offers an in-depth review of the existing evidence that supports implementing better interventions to reduce and prevent medication administration errors.
Trimble AN, Bishop B, Rampe N. **American journal of health-system pharmacy: AJHP: official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. 2017;74:70-75. DOI: 10.2146/ajhp150726**	Medication errors associated with transition from insulin pens to insulin vials 2017	The purpose of the paper was to show the root-cause of insulin administration errors that occurred after a facility’s transition from insulin pens to vials. The article describes the process improvement initiatives in the facility to prevent future errors.	The study design is qualitative as it is an observational study.	The setting was a 450-bed community hospital.	The intervention was use of root-cause analysis to identify the causes of the three medication errors that occurred after the transition.	The authors collected data from observing the administration of insulin to patients from using pens to insulin vials.	The findings show that different factors cause medication administration errors like insufficient nursing education, non-adherence to medication administration policies and procedures, and issues related to electronic health records.	The authors recommend the implementation of improvement initiatives to prevent the medication errors from occurring in the future like giving education to nurses and performance of safety rounds among other interventions.	The article is essential as it provides primary research findings about the issues that cause medication administration errors. The article will enhance evidence of the EBP project implementation as it validates use of technologies to reduce and prevent medication administration errors.
Härkänen, M., Vehviläinen-Julkunen, K., Murrells, T., Rafferty, A. M., & Franklin, B. D. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 15(7), 858-863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.11.010	Medication administration errors and mortality: Incidents reported in England and Wales between 2007 ̶ 2016 2019	The purpose of the study was to analyze medication administration errors occurring in acute care that leads to death, identify the drug involved, and a description of the features of the medication administration errors.	The study used existing reports in acute care about medication administration errors registered during the period.	The setting was acute care practices or areas in England and Wales.	The intervention focused on the characteristics of the medication administration errors in the facilities under review.	The authors collected data from reported medication administration errors in acute care settings between 2007 and 2016.	The findings suggest that a majority of errors in medication administration occur in wards and among patient aged over 75 years. The most prevalent group was omitted medicine or ingredient.	The authors record the need to focus on avoidance of dose omission and administration of drugs for patient over 75 years. The article also recommends safe administration of parenteral anticoagulants and antibacterial medicines	The article is essential in addressing the issue of different types of medication administration errors and where they happen. The article will offer in-depth analytical base to extract more evidence for the project.
Barakat, S. & Franklin, B. D. *Pharmacy (Basel),* 8(3):148. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8030148	An Evaluation of the Impact of Barcode Patient and Medication Scanning on Nursing Workflow at a UK Teaching Hospital. 2020	The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of Barcode medication administration (BCMA) on nursing activity and workflow.	The study used qualitative design as they employed observational approach.	The setting was in two surgical wards at a large acute facility in London.	The intervention was the implementation of BCMA in one acute ward and the other without the BCMA.	The study collected data from observation for ten consecutive weekdays and another ten weekdays after the implementation of the BCMA.	The article’s findings include increased workflow, patient verification and medication administration efficiencies.	The authors recommend more research to determine the effect of BCMA on timelines of medication administration.	The article is essential as it is a primary study on how integration of technology (BCMA) can enhance the medication process and reduce the possibility of medication administration errors. The article is important to the project as it gives more details on the need to implement health information technology in healthcare settings.
Alomari, A., Sheppard-Law, S., Lewis, J. & Wilson, V. The Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(17-18): 3403-3413. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15374	Effectiveness of Clinical Nurses’ interventions in reducing medication errors in a pediatric ward. 2020	The aim and objective of the study were to evaluate the impacts of bundle interventions which nurses can use to reduce medication administration errors. The authors also wanted to enhance nursing practice’s perception on medication administration process.	The article used a quantitative research design based on three phases of action research.	The setting was a specialized pediatric medical ward. The sample included six pediatric nurses as part of the Action Research team.	The project had multiple interventions like additional questions about parental involvement, quality and safety meeting each month and more time-space before nurses could end their shifts.	The study collected data during all the phases of action research.	The article shows that after implementing the interventions, the facility reduced medication errors by close to 60% despite an increase in patients and the number of prescribed medications	The article recommends the need to have clinically based nurses to participate in action research to enable them have practice reflection, develop and implement bundle interventions and have reduced cases of medication administration errors	The article is important as it demonstrates the role that action research plays in enhancing patient safety and quality of care. The article will be useful in understanding different ways to implement research to reduce medication administration errors.
Devin, J., Cleary, B. J. & Cullinan, S. BMC Systematic Reviews, 9(275). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01510-7	The impact of health information technology on prescribing errors in hospitals: a systematic review and behavior change technique analysis 2020	The aim of the study was to assess the impact of health information technologies to reduce prescribing errors in hospitals. The study also focused on identification of behavior change techniques to HIT implementation and lead to a reduction in these errors.	The article used a qualitative design as it reviewed existing research from different journal databases.	The settings were multiple as all studies were from previous research findings.	The intervention is the study was the use of behavioral change techniques associated with effective models to reduce medication administration errors.	The authors collected data from studies that met the selection criteria on different components of HIT like modifications of HIT.	The findings show that prescribing HIT is related to a reduction in prescribing errors in different healthcare settings.	The study recommends the need for effective use of behavioral change techniques to integrate HIT in prescribing to reduce medication errors.	The article is important to the EBP project as it shows the need to integrate behavioral change techniques for effective implementation of health information technology to reduce and prevent medication errors. The article will be used to offer detailed evidential account of implementing better HIT and training of individual employees for effective implementation.
Zadvinskis, I. M., Smith, J. G., & Yen, P. Y. **JMIR medical informatics, 6(2), e38. doi: 10.2196/medinform.8734**	Nurses’ experience with health information technology: Longitudinal qualitative study 2018	The aim of the study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of nurses in implementation of information technology over time in their facilities	The authors used a phenomenological approach for the longitudinal qualitative study to comprehend nurses’ perceptions	The sample comprised of clinical nurses who worked on a medical-surgical unit in an academic center	The instrument in the study was use of time points; 3,9, and 18 months after implementing different HITs in the unit.	The study’s data was compiled from the sampled nurses over the period of implementation in the medical-surgical unit.	The findings demonstrate two types of factors that facilitate HIT adoption; personal and organizational level issues. Nurses changed their perceptions about HIT after implementation.	The authors recommend that organizations should implement and invest in health information technologies and refine their policies to mirror nursing practice and enhance systems to focus on patient safety.	The article offers more relevant and appropriate information and data on implementing HIT to reduce medication administration errors that are caused by personal and organizational issues. The article will offer more insights on personal level issues to integrate HIT in nursing practice.
Naidu, M. and Alicia, Y.L.Y. Health, 11, 511-526. https://doi.org/10.4236/health.2019.115044	Impact of Bar-Code Medication Administration and Electronic Medication Administration Record System in Clinical Practice for an Effective Medication Administration Process 2019	The purpose of the study was to assess the use of barcode medication administration (BCMA) and electronic medication administration record (e-MAR) usage outcomes, clinical practices, policies and processes that impact nurses in their medication administration duties in their practice environment.	The authors conducted an annotated literature review on the implementation of innovations to enhance patient safety.	The authors conducted a review of literature and used samples and settings in those studies to understand the phenomenon under investigation.	The interventions include the use of HIT, clinical practices and policies, and processes affecting nurses administering medications in their clinical setting.	The article uses data from previous studies on the medication administration errors identified by the researchers.	The findings show that compliance to BCMA and e-MAR improves patient safety and a significant reduction in reported errors. The incorporation also improves efficiency of the BCMA system	The authors recommend the need for healthcare providers and organizations to embrace innovation as a way of reducing and preventing medication administration errors in their clinical practice.	The article is important as it shows the need to embrace technology and innovations that improve care delivery and efficiency. The article will be essential in offering more data and information on how innovation can offer better solutions to clinical practice problems and enhance patient safety and outcomes.
Jheeta, S. & Franklin, B. D. BMC Health Services Research, 17(547). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2462-2	The impact of a hospital electronic prescribing and medication administration system on medication administration safety: an observational study. 2017	The goals of the study were to compare the prevalence and types of medication administration errors, documentation of discrepancies between ePA system and paper data. The researchers also focused on making observable changes to the medication administration process using certain interventions	The authors conducted an observational qualitative study.	The setting was an elderly medicine ward in an English hospital.	The interventions included pre and post-ePA implementation time-points, and observation of nurses during the medication administration rounds; five days before and after implementation.	The authors collected data from the observations and documented medication administration errors in 428 potential occasions for errors.	The findings show that no alterations in rates of medication errors. However, the implementation encourages the occurrence of certain errors but mitigates others. The ePA implementation leads to significant increase in documentation of discrepancies.	The authors recommend the need to adopt ePA as a way of mitigating certain types of medication administration errors.	The article would be important to the EBP project since it contains data on different aspects of HIT that can be implemented to reduce and prevent medication administration errors. The study will enhance the project’s recommendations for better use of the outcomes.
Anazi, A. A. (2021). Health Informatics Journal, 27(1), 1460458220987276. https://doi.org/10.1177/1460458220987276	Medication reconciliation process: Assessing value, adoption, and the potential of information technology from pharmacists’ perspective. 2021	The purpose of the study was to address elements linked to medication reconciliation process as part of medication administration, the hurdles, and role of information technology in healthcare. The authors also focused on the requisite functionalities to achieve optimal medication reconciliation process.	The authors used a descriptive, cross-sectional study through a survey to examine opinions by pharmacists on the medication reconciliation process and the role of information technology in improving the process.	The sample included 319 respondents that practiced medication reconciliation proce ss.	The interventions included the use of electronic health records (EHRs), and the use of electronic medication registration as the necessary technology instruments to implement medication reconciliation process.	The authors collected data from the opinions of pharmacists and even nurses that participated in the surveys.	The findings from the study emphasized the need for having well-designed medication reconciliation process through the help of information technology approaches.	The authors suggest the initiation of policies to mandate sharing of data necessary in creating a compiled medication list for individual patients. The authors emphasize the importance of medication reconciliation as part of enhancing patient safety in hospitals.	The article is essential as it gives a different perspective from other healthcare professionals on the importance of implementing medication reconciliation process to minimize occurrence of medication administration errors.

Description:

Refer to the “Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal – Assignment Overview” document for an overview of the evidence-based practice project proposal assignments.

You are required to cite one peer-reviewed source to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

Topic 1 DQ 1

Description:

Identify the different levels of translational research. Explain how translational research is different from evidence-based practice and discuss application to population health management.

Topic 1 DQ 2

Description:

Using the GCU Library (notably the GCU Library: Nursing and Health Sciences Research Guide), find a database, journal, or other collection of resources that focuses on translational research. Select a population health problem or issue of interest from the available studies. What type of translational research is used for the study? Provide rationale as to why this is the best.

A Sample Answer 2 For the Assignment: EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550

Title: EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE PROJECT EVALUATION OF LITERATURE TABLE ESSAY NUR 550

The need for patient safety and improved quality of care implores organizations and providers to leverage evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions to address any issues that can lead to occurrence of adverse events in healthcare settings and impact patient outcomes. Falls and incidences of falling among adult patients in medical-surgical settings remain a healthcare safety challenge that requires effective interventions. Falls are considered sentinel and never events by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) because they are preventable through institution of different measures aimed at addressing their adverse effects (Cerilo et al.,2022). Falls lead to increased cost of care and stay, poor patient outcomes and in some cases, serious head injuries and fractures that can cause death (Khasnabish et al., 2020). The purpose of this literature evaluation table is to present different research articles on falls and assess their application in medical-surgical settings. The use of TIPS toolkit is considered as one of the ways to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls in different healthcare settings.

PICOT:

Among hospitalized adult patients in medical-surgical units (P) does the use of TIPS toolkit as a bundled care approach (I) compared to normal falls prevention approach (C) reduce the prevalence of falls (O) within 6 months (T)?

Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article	Article Title and Year Published	Research Questions/ Hypothesis, and Purpose/Aim of Study	Design (Quantitative, Qualitative, or other)	Setting/Sample	Methods: Intervention/ Instruments	Analysis/Data Collection	Outcomes/Key Findings	Recommendations	Explanation of How the Article Supports Your Proposed EBP Practice Project Proposal
Dykes, P. C., Burns, Z., Adelman, J., Benneyan, J., Bogaisky, M., Carter, E., Ergai, A., Lindros, M. E., Lipsitz, S. R., Scanlan, M., Shaykevich, S., & Bates, D. JAMA Network Open, 3(11), e2025889. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25889	Evaluation of a Patient-Centered Fall-Prevention Tool Kit to Reduce Falls and Injuries. 2020	The purpose of this study was to evaluate if a fall-prevention toolkit which engages patients and families in fall-prevention process during hospitalization leads to a reduction in falls and injurious falls.	The researchers used a nonrandomized controlled trials based in the stepped wedge design.	The setting comprised of 14 medical units in academic centers in Boston and New York. The participants were all hospitalized patents in the participating settings; the patients were 37 231.	The instrument was a nurse-based fall-prevention tool kit that links evidence-based measures to patient-focused risk factors. The method incorporated continuous patient and family engagement preventing occurrence of falls.	The study collected data based on the rate of patient falls and injurious falls in every 1000 patient-days on the units. The study analyzed the data using Poisson regression to estimate the frequency of falls in the facility.	The outcome of the study shows a positive correlation between the intervention and a reduction in falls. The article also found that the nurse-driven intervention reduced injurious falls by enabling the families to have sufficient information on different ways to prevent and reduce falls.	The study recommends the use of a nurse-led and patient-centered fall-prevention tool kit to reduce the rates of falls and injurious falls. The authors assert that providers can have different modalities to implement and integrate the intervention to reduce falls in medical-surgical units.	The article supports the EBP as it shows that the proposed intervention is based on evidence and is effective in reducing the rate of falls and injurious falls among hospitalized patients. The article will offer more information about the effectiveness and efficacy of fall prevention interventions tailored to the needs of a patient.
Tzeng, H.-M., Jansen, L. S., Okpalauwaekwe, U., Khasnabish, S., Andreas, B., & Dykes, P. C. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, https://doi.org/10.1097/ncq.0000000000000547	Adopting the Fall Tailoring Interventions for Patient Safety (TIPS) Program to Engage Older Adults in Fall Prevention in a Nursing Home 2021	The focus of the study was to evaluate the impact of fall (TIPS) program on prevention of falls and fall-associated injuries among older adults in nursing home.	The study used mixed method comprising of qualitative and quantitative approaches at various levels of the research gathered findings.	The study occurred in a 15-bed subacute nursing care unit.	The instrument entailed using fall TIPS initiative customized to setting The approach comprised of providing clinical decision support to prevent falls.	The article collected both qualitative and quantitative data based on the respective tools used. These included recording of monthly fall rates among patients within certain period for effective analysis.	The findings after the implementation of the Fall TIPS show that the rate of falls and injurious falls reduced with clinical significance. The researchers attribute the reduction in falls to awareness among patients, information offered to patients on the TIPS poster and other interventions like self-transfer.	The article recommends the implementation of Fall TIPS initiative in healthcare settings to lower falls and injurious fall incidents among older adult residents in nursing homes and other areas of care delivery. The article also recommends the need for larger studies in different healthcare settings to assess the overall effectiveness of such interventions.	The article supports the proposed EBP practice project proposal by demonstrating that the intervention is sound and based on evidence. The proposed EBP project focuses on reducing falls in medical-surgical unit and this study is categorical that such revelations are important to illustrate the efficacy of the Fall TIPS framework.
Morris, M. E., Webster, K., Jones, C., Hill, A. M., Haines, T., McPhail, S., … & Cameron, I. Age and Ageing, 51(5), afac077. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afac077	Interventions to reduce falls in hospitals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2022	The aim of the study was to enquire the effects of falls prevention interventions on fall rates and the risk of falling in healthcare facilities	The study is mixed as it uses a systematic review and meta-analysis.	The participants in the study were hospitalized adults	The intervention entailed staff and patient education, modification of the environment, use of assistive devices, development of policies and systems, medication management and rehabilitation as well as management of cognitive impairment	The researchers collected data from 43 studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria and 23 were included in the meta-analyses.	The findings show that the use of tailored interventions leads to a reduction in rates of falls and injurious falls. The outcomes also suggest that the use of multi-factorial interventions led to a positive impact on patient care.	The study recommends the use of patient and staff education as approaches that can have positive effects on hospital falls. The use of chair alarms, bed alarms, and wearable sensors and scored risk assessment tools did not reduce falls.	The study will be used in the EBP project proposal to demonstrate the need to use TIPS toolkit for both patients and staff with the aim of reducing and preventing the occurrence of falls and injurious falls in medical-surgical settings.
Heng, H., Jazayeri, D., Shaw, L., Kiegaldie, D., Hill, A. M., & Morris, M. E. BMC geriatrics, 20, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01515-w	Hospital falls prevention with patient education: a scoping review. 2020	The aim of the scoping review was to examine the content, design, and outcomes concerning patient education approaches to prevent hospital falls. The paper evaluates the significance of patient education to prevent falls and suggests for hospitals to implement in their clinical settings.	The study uses a methodological model developed by Arksey and O’Mallet and refined by Joanna Briggs Institute.	The researchers evaluated 43 articles in their analysis based on different interventions on patient education like face-to-face and educational tools.	The interventions included direct face-to-face education, educational tools, patient-focused consumer materials and hospital systems, policies and procedures	The researchers collected and analyzed data from existing studies. These included studies on falls or education associated outcomes before and after patient fall prevention education.	The findings from the article illustrate the effectiveness of the interventions that use patient education to reduce falls related to injuries like bruises, lacerations and fractures.	The study recommends the implementation of patient-centered prevention education as part of the TIPS approach to reducing falls in healthcare settings. The study observes that well-designed education initiatives can enhance knowledge and self-perception of risk and empower patients to lower their risk of falling while in hospitals.	The study is essential to the EBP project proposal since it illustrates the significance of having a patient-centered toolkit or intervention to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls among hospitalized patients. The article will offer more information on the efficacy of the TIPS model to reduce and prevent falls.
LeLaurin, J. H., & Shorr, R. I. *Clinics in geriatric medicine,* 35(2), 273-283. DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2019.01.007	Preventing falls in hospitalized patients: state of the science. 2019	The aim of this study was to familiarize the audience with the strengths and the cons of different types of research used in testing fall prevention approaches or interventions.	The article uses a review of existing literature or systematic review to highlight different studies on fall prevention in healthcare settings.	The researchers evaluate different articles based on their approaches to reducing falls in healthcare settings. These include quality improvement studies, randomized studies, and non-randomized studies a well as single fall prevention interventions and multifactorial one among others.	The interventions include focusing on single approaches as well as use multifactorial interventions.	The researchers collected and analyzed data from the different types of studies that they evaluated. The researchers focused on both single and multifactorial interventions to reduce and prevent patient falls.	The findings show that different interventions are effective based on a host of factors. Again, the study notes that single interventions are more practical compared to multifactorial interventions in prevention of falls.	The study recommends the implementation of all interventions, especially those emanating from research and are effective based on the healthcare setting. The study notes that the implementation of any of the interventions is the most essential for any patient safety initiative.	The article is essential to the EBP project proposal as it offers sufficient research evidence on the efficacy of the different interventions to prevent and reduce falls in healthcare settings.
Dykes, P. C., Adelman, J. S., Alfieri, L., Bogaisky, M., Carroll, D., Carter, E., … & Spivack, L. B. Nurse Leader, 17(4), 365-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2018.11.006	The fall TIPS (tailoring interventions for patient safety) program: A collaboration to end the persistent problem of patient Falls 2019	The aim of the article was to offer information to nurse leaders concerning evidence about the efficacy and effectiveness of the Fall TIPS program and how they can create collaborative teams as well as access resources to support implementation at their facilities.	The article uses a qualitative approach to the issue and proposes the integration of different teams to enhance the implementation of the intervention.	The researchers assess and appraise different articles since the development of the Fall TIPS in Boston and how organizations are leveraging it to offer care.	The main intervention is the implementation of the Fall TIPS initiatives in different settings to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls.	The researchers evaluate data from the existing studies for analysis. They do not collect any data since they only review existing studies’ findings.	The findings show that implementing a fall TIPS program can reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls in different care settings. The researchers are categorical that since its implementation, it has led to a significant reduction and prevention of falls.	The researchers recommend the use of TIPS in healthcare settings to reduce the occurrence of falls, especially in critical care settings with hospitalized adult patients	The resource is essential as it highlights the use of TIPS as an effective intervention in mitigating risks that may lead to falls. The resource will be used in the EBP project to demonstrate the need for TIPS as a way to reduce and prevent the occurrence of patient falls.
Cuttler, S. J., Barr-Walker, J., & Cuttler, L. *BMJ open quality,* 6(2), e000119. DOI: 10.1136/bmjoq-2017-000119	Reducing medical-surgical inpatient falls and injuries with videos, icons and alarms 2018	The focus of this article was to determine the effectiveness of patient education videos and visual signs with bed exit alarms to reduce falls among hospitalized medical-surgical inpatients.	The study used a performance improvement model based on historic control	The participants were adults in medical-surgical units.	The main intervention was a four-minute video for patients’ viewing by trained volunteers. The second intervention was having icons of risk factors and interventions on the patients’ bedsides. The third intervention was having a bed alarm for those confused patients at risk of falling.	The researchers collected and analyzed data based on the incidences in every 1000 patient days for patient falls, and falls with an injury and those with serious injuries	The findings show that these interventions reduced all different types of falls in every 1000 patient days. However, icons were not fully implemented.	The study recommends more studies, especially multicenter randomized controlled trials to confirm the effectiveness of icons and video interventions o reduce falls.	The article is critical to the EBP proposed project as it demonstrates that the use of TIPS toolkit is effective but requires increased involvement and integration of all stakeholders.
Bargmann, A. L., & Brundrett, S. M. Military medicine, 185(Supplement_2), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz411	Implementation of a multicomponent fall prevention program: Contracting with patients for fall safety 2020	The study aimed at the implementation of a multicomponent fall prevention program to enhance patient safety from falls and associated risks	The researchers developed a multicomponent approach to fall prevention that comprised of literature and use of a patient fall safety agreement in the facility.	The setting for the research was a 26-bed medical-surgical telemetry unit in a 352-bed level 1 trauma center. The center caters to both civilian and military beneficiaries.	The interventions include a patient fall safety agreement among the providers and EBP fall prevention bundle.	The researchers collected and analyzed data after four months to assess the rate of falls in the unit. They also collected data from an incentive program aimed at increasing adherence to patient safety approaches.	The findings from the study show that the agreements facilitated dialogue among nurses and other providers as well as patients. The findings show that these interventions lead to a reduction in patient falls within the facility	The study recommends the implementation of this intervention since it creates a collaborative environment for nurses and other professionals to carry out safe and quality patient care.	The article is essential to the EBP project because it shows the use of these interventions leads to a decrease in the number of falls in the unit. It also demonstrates the efficacy of using multiple components to reduce and prevent falls in acute care settings.
Duckworth, M., Adelman, J., Belategui, K., Feliciano, Z., Jackson, E., Khasnabish, S., … & Dykes, P. C. *Journal of medical internet research,* 21(1), e10008. DOI: 10.2196/10008	Assessing the Effectiveness of Engaging Patients and Their Families in the Three-Step Fall Prevention Process Across Modalities of an Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Toolkit: An Implementation Science Study 2019	The focus of the research was to determine the efficacy of fall TIPS tool in engaging patients through three-step fall prevention interventions	The researchers used random audits through a questionnaire. They also used the audits to measure adherence. They also used a case-control approach to understand the prevalence of patients using Fall TIPS to experience falls	The researchers utilized a randomized control trial with a sample size of over 10,000 subjects.	The intervention entailed conducting fall risk assessments, developing a tailored fall prevention plan, and implementing the plan consistently along other well accepted standards and precautions	The researchers collected data from the feedback offered by the participants in the site of the study. They analyzed the data using different fall modalities to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.	The findings show that each Fall TIPS modality led to the engagement of patients in the fall prevention process. The researchers assert that Fall TIPS modalities can enhance effective control of falls ad ensure that patients do not suffer from them.	The researchers recommend the use of the three modalities by healthcare organizations in different settings based on their abilities and one that aligns with the organizational culture.	The article is important to the EBP proposed project as it illustrates that importance of using the TIPS model as an intervention to reduce and prevent the occurrence of falls in medical-surgical units. The intervention is important since it demonstrates the need for better patient outcomes.
Carter, E. J., Khasnabish, S., Adelman, J., Bogaisky, M., Lindros, M. E., Alfieri, L., … & Dykes, P. *OBM Geriatrics,* 4(2), 1-21. DOI:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2002119.	Adoption of a Patient-Tailored Fall Prevention Program in Academic Health Systems: A Qualitative Study of Barriers and Facilitators. 2020	The aim of this study was to evaluate the facilitators and barriers to the adoption of Fall TIPS in healthcare settings.	The researchers used a multisite qualitative design.	The setting comprised of 11 hospitals that represented three academic health systems that had implemented Fall TIPS. The researchers identified 50 patients and 71 staff for the focus groups.	The interventions included interviews and focus groups where 71 nurses were analyzed.	The researchers collected data from these two cohorts and analyzed them using a conventional content analysis approach.	The findings show that the use of Fall TIPS led to increased levels of partnerships between nurses and patients. The fall prevention interventions were tailored to meet patient needs leading to better clinical decisions. The facilitators include motivation, use of residual fall prevention approaches and willfulness.	The researchers recommend the implementation of Fall TIPS to improve patient safety and prevent the occurrence of falls.	The article is essential as it shows the need for providers to integrate Fall TIPS where it works and leads to better patient safety measures.

Conclusion

The evaluation table is categorical that healthcare facilities and providers can mitigate falls through a raft of evidence-based practice (EBP) interventions like the Fall TIPS model. Existing literature is emphatic that these interventions are important in reducing falls and preventing their occurrence. The articles evaluated agree that while organizational challenges can arise in the implementation process, it is critical to evaluate all the aspects of the interventions to enhance adherence to the toolkit. The articles are important as they suggest implementation of the Fall TIPS framework across all areas of patient safety.