DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362

Grand Canyon University DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362 assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362                       

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362 depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362                       

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362 is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362                       

After the introduction, move into the main part of the DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362  assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362                       

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362                       

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362 Included After Question

Topic 1 DQ 1

Discuss the historical application of statistics in the field of health care. Describe an example, other than Florence Nightingale’s contributions, where statistical application has greatly influenced or changed health care operations or practice.

A Sample Answer For the Assignment: DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362

Title:  DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362

Health Statistics provide information for understanding, monitoring, improving, and planning the use of resources to improve people’s lives, provide services and promote their well-being. Statistics are used in healthcare for research, quality improvement, inequalities in healthcare, risk analysis, inventory management and cost, resource utilization, patient length of stay, patient satisfaction, clinical trials, morbidity and mortality, effects of new treatments, measuring change, laboratory analysis, education, and much more.

Statistics have been utilized in healthcare since at least the 19th century. Florence Nightingale used a statistical approach to decrease the mortality rate of British troops in Crimea. Her meticulous records were a key to present-day statistical quality measurement, and she was an innovator in the collection, tabulation, interpretation, and graphical display of descriptive statistics. She named her visual data display a “Coxcomb,” known today as a pie- chart (Sheingold & Hahn, 2014). Clara Barton applied the same analysis in the United States during the Civil War.

Louis Pasteur applied statistics in his research of microbes and the “germ theory” to create penicillin. This evidence led to the wide-scale adoption of antiseptic practices by physicians and hospitals throughout Europe and eventually in the U.S. Pasteur’s research also led to the development of “pasteurization,” which utilizes heat to destroy harmful microbes in perishable food while leaving the food undamaged (Sheingold & Hahn, 2014).

Dr. Rupert Blue was responsible for providing leadership in America during the worst disease outbreak in U.S. history. The Influenza Pandemic of 1918 killed fifty (50) million or 1/5 of the world’s population, representing more people than died during World War I. During the Influenza Pandemic, Dr. Blue’s quality tools were quarantine, mandatory medical exams for all immigrants entering the country, communication in the form of weekly newsletters that contained information about the latest outbreaks, and the results of influenza research conducted at the Hygienic Laboratory which continues to exist today (Sheingold & Hahn, 2014).

The medical records during the 1918 influenza pandemic inform how we should respond to a similar widespread outbreak of biological disease and provide data on the long-term effects of the flu on a pregnant woman.

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Reference:

Sheingold, B. H., Hahn, J. A. (2014). The history of healthcare quality: The first 100 years 1860- 1960. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences. Vol. 1. Pages 18 – 22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2014.05.00

A Sample Answer 2 For the Assignment: DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362

Title:  DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362

In 1992, Anderson and May published Infectious Disease of Humans, documenting their work in mathematical modeling transmission of infectious diseases, which was critically important to understanding the ongoing work in fighting the global HIV epidemic, as well as malaria and tuberculosis. Subsequent work on modeling diseases has been used to monitor and model the impact of influenza outbreaks. During the 1990s, laboratory techniques improved enough so that strains of viruses could be mapped and links made to the epidemiologic investigation.

Reference:

Anderson RM, May RM. Infectious diseases of humans: dynamics and control. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1992.

A Sample Answer 3 For the Assignment: DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362

Title:  DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362

In 1946 the CDC was established. At this time, they borrowed statistic methods that were established by Florence Nightingale and Edwin Chadwick who had established these while studying sanitary measures in London (Donna F. Stroup & Rob Lyerla, 2011). Along with William Farr who was analyzing death rates, Karl Pearson was studying goodness-of-fit and correlation methods, and Bradford Hill developing the guidelines for establishing casual relationships. During the 1950’s, the CDC focused on the work of sanitarians and lab scientists. Soon, they began to study outbreaks of disease.

Donna F. Stroup, P., & Rob Lyerla, P. (2011, October 7). Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). Retrieved from CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su6004a7.htm

A Sample Answer 4 For the Assignment: DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362

Title:  DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362

The Healthcare system and practices are constantly changing to improve the quality of care delivered to the patients. Evidence-based practices help in identifying the areas that need to improve based. However, the first step in the change process requires identification of the needs, and this is achieved by gathering relevant data, analyzing and interpreting them. Therefore, statistical application is critical in healthcare delivery. Meaningful data analysis allows clinicians and other healthcare providers to make informed decisions. It becomes easy to justify the change process when having enough data to support the need. The current paper discusses the significance of statistical applications in healthcare.  

Significance of Statistical Application to Quality and Safety 

According to Petrie and Sabin (2019), the statistical application helps in improving safety and the quality of healthcare delivery. For example, the introduction of the Medicaid readmission program aimed at reducing the cases of patients readmitted 30 days after discharge. In such cases, the hospitals must record the number of people admitted in the hospitals, those discharged, and the ones who are readmitted within 30 days to determine the readmission rate. Each hospital needs to keep the rate below the recommended national value. In such a case, the statistical applications help in promoting quality healthcare delivery. Similarly, analysis can be done to determine the major contributing factors to the increased cases of readmissions. While there could be many factors, their impact on the health issue varies, and so the statistical analysis helps the hospital to determine the most significant burden to be prioritized.  

Furthermore, Vellido (2019) indicates that statistical applications involve creating charts, and this helps in identifying the signals on the areas of concern. Similarly, the laboratory units in the hospitals are required to chart temperatures and other variables over time. The trends in the variables can be used to determine whether any of the outcomes lie outside the expected range. In the same way, the hospital can monitor incidences of mortalities and readmissions within thirty days to identify days with outrageous outcomes. The abnormal record can raise the alarm that eventually leads to an inquiry process with the goal of improving the quality of healthcare services to the patients.  

Evidence-based practice development depends mainly on data analysis and statistical applications. As the nurses and other healthcare providers interact with the patients, they determine the key health determinants. The data collected are then used in determining the key areas in the population that needs to be addressed. For example, various studies have indicated the incidences of childhood obesity are on the rise, and this necessitates urgent interventions. In such a case, data on the life patterns among the population are collected and used to determine the best approaches to addressing the issue. The case illustrates how statistical applications are useful in promoting population health. Health promotional activities begin by analyzing the life patterns among the people in a community and using the information to develop a customized response. Also, as part of the public health promotion, statistical applications have been used to track the Covid-19 infection rates, and this has been used to guide the healthcare policy and response measures. 

Statistics Knowledge and Application 

Obtaining data for statistical analysis is also essential; using dubious methods could result in unrealistic data. The data to be analyzed in this case were obtained from the hospital health records systems. The healthcare institution uses an electronic health system and so captures various data (Suman & Prajapati, 2018). Also, the data may be collected through the interviews from the interactions between the healthcare providers and the patients. The approach provides comprehensive data that health the healthcare providers understand the magnitude of the burden presented by the healthcare issue.  

Statistical knowledge is important and is used on a daily basis. Healthcare providers interact with data on a daily basis, beginning from scheduling the patients and offering the best clinical care (Suman & Prajapati, 2018). Understanding the patients’ flow allows the healthcare facilities to determine the number of healthcare providers required to facilitate the smooth flow of the patients. In terms of decision-making, the data on the number of patients scheduled for a given day can be used to decide on the number of observation rooms and consultation units needed to effectively attend to the patients. Besides, by analyzing the amount of time taken in the consultation room by the patients, the healthcare providers are able to manage their queues accordingly.  

Conclusion 

Finally, statistical applications are part of the daily experiences in the healthcare delivery process. The healthcare providers interact with their patients and gather relevant data, which are analyzed and used to make decisions on how to improve the experiences of the patients. Statistical analysis helps organizations make appropriate decisions, improve the quality of healthcare delivery and identify warning indicators in their daily operations.  

References 

Petrie, A., & Sabin, C. (2019). Medical statistics at a glance. John Wiley & Sons. 

Suman, G., & Prajapati, D. (2018). Control chart applications in healthcare: A literature review. International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering, 9, 5. https://doi.org/10.1051/ijmqe/2018003 

Vellido, A. (2019). The importance of interpretability and visualization in machine learning for applications in medicine and health care. Neural Computing and Applications, 32(24), 18069-18083. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-019-04051-w 

A Sample Answer 5 For the Assignment: DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362

Title:  DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL APPLICATION OF STATISTICS IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE HLT 362

The application of statistics in the field of healthcare has been around for a long time. Historically, advances in healthcare can be linked to increasing applications of statistics and data analysis. Nursing practice is based on the use and application of statistics to analyze patient data, identify trends, and improve health outcomes. The history of statistical data in nursing began with Florence Nightingale during the Crimean War (1853–1856). Nightingale collected data on wounded soldiers, infections, deaths, and injuries. In addition to this, Nightingale observed and collected data on sanitation issues, environmental factors like ventilation and food (Helbig &Ambrose, 2018). With the data collected she found that the soldiers were more likely to have died from other diseases and not of combat (Helbig &Ambrose, 2018).

Nightingale used the data collected as a tool for improving city and military hospitals. Nightingale’s calculations of the mortality rate showed that with an improvement of sanitary methods, deaths would decrease (Helbig & Ambrose, 2018). In 1855, the mortality rate at the hospital was 42.7 percent of the cases treated. When Nightingale’s sanitary reform was implemented, the mortality rate declined drastically. Nightingale took her statistical data and represented them graphically. She invented polar-area charts, where the statistic being represented is proportional to the area of a wedge in a circular diagram. As Nightingale demonstrated, statistics provided an organized way of learning which led to improvements in medical and surgical practices. She also developed a Model Hospital Statistical Form for hospitals to collect and generate consistent data and statistics (Helbig &Ambrose, 2018). 

The Body Mass Index (BMI) was developed by Adolphe Quetelet during the 19th century (Perez, 2018). He was a mathematician and astronomer who is considered the founder of quantitative statistics in social sciences (Fienberg, 1992). BMI is widely used in healthcare to measure, calculate, and correlate risk of health problems in relation to someone weight and height (World Health Organization, n. d). It is commonly used by healthcare professionals to determine whether a person is underweight, normal, overweight, or obese (Perez, 2018).

The utilization of statistics evolved and by the18th century focused on the development of mathematics and the theories of probability. Statistics is now widely used in government, business, the sciences, and computer technology workplaces (Helbig &Ambrose, 2018). For example, the US government began expanding their use of statistics from the mere collection of the data for census knowledge such as civil registration of births and deaths to the analysis of this data. The analysis of the data began with the use of epidemiology to study health-related events and diseases. Epidemiology is used to control diseases and improve health conditions (Helbig &Ambrose, 2018). In addition to this, statistics are used in healthcare to identify, monitor patient trends, and ensure quality care. For example, using statistics to identify quality outcomes related to infection rates, fall risks, vital signs, changes to procedures based on data findings, and changes in patient interactions based on satisfaction survey results (Helbig &Ambrose, 2018).

References

Fienberg, S. E. (1992). A brief history of statistics in three- and one-half chapters: A review essay. Statistical Science, 7(2), 208-225

Helbig &Ambrose. (2018). Grand Canyon University (Ed). Applied statistics for health care. Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/hlt362v/applied-statistics-for-health-care/v1.1

Perez. (2018). The Importance of BMI (Body Mass Index). Retrieved from https://www.victorperezmd.com/blog/the-importance-of-bmi-body-mass-index

World Health Organization. (n. d). A healthy lifestyle. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/europe/news-room/fact-sheets/item/a-healthy-lifestyle