NURS 6052 EBP Part 1 Identifying Research Methodologies

NURS 6052 EBP Part 1 Identifying Research Methodologies

NURS 6052 EBP Part 1 Identifying Research Methodologies

Is there a difference between “common practice” and “best practice”?

When you first went to work for your current organization, experienced colleagues may have shared with you details about processes and procedures. Perhaps you even attended an orientation session to brief you on these matters. As a “rookie,” you likely kept the nature of your questions to those with answers that would best help you perform your new role.

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Matrix Worksheet Template

Use this document to complete Part 2 of the Module 2 Assessment, Evidence-Based Project, Part 1: An Introduction to Clinical Inquiry and Part 2: Research Methodologies

Full citation of selected article	Article #1	Article #2	Article #3	Article #4
	Bridges, J., Griffiths, P., Oliver, E., & Pickering, R. M. (2019). Hospital nurse staffing and staff–patient interactions: an observational study. BMJ quality & safety, 28(9), 706-713. https://qualitysafety.bmj.com/content/28/9/706	Nantsupawat, A., Kunaviktikul, W., Nantsupawat, R., Wichaikhum, O. A., Thienthong, H., & Poghosyan, L. (2017). Effects of nurse work environment on job dissatisfaction, burnout, intention to leave. International nursing review, 64(1), 91-98.doi: 10.1111/inr.12342	Perry, S. J., Richter, J. P., & Beauvais, B. (2018). The Effects of Nursing Satisfaction and Turnover Cognitions on Patient Attitudes and Outcomes: A Three-Level Multisource Study. Health services research, 53(6), 4943–4969. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.12997	Jarrar, M. T., Minai, M. S., Al‐Bsheish, M., Meri, A., & Jaber, M. (2019). Hospital nurse shift length, patient‐centered care, and the perceived quality and patient safety. The International journal of health planning and management, 34(1), e387-e396. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.2656
Why you chose this article and/or how it relates to the clinical issue of interest (include a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest)	The output of a nurse depends, to no small extent, on how health care organizations utilize nurses’ skills. If underutilized, nurses’ output usually reduces proportionately. This study is based on the premise that reducing nursing staffing or skill mix is detrimental to quality. It hypothesizes that nursing shortages prompt health care managers to dilute nursing team skill mix; it is an in-depth exploration of the link between nurse staffing and staff-patient interactions. Concerning ethics of research, integrity is a priority when research involves a critical health care issue. Integrity was highly valued since it excluded patients who were unable to communicate their choices about taking part in the research. If differently, stated, participants had to consent, and were fully informed about what the study involved.	Due to the far-reaching impacts of nursing shortage, it is crucial to understand its causes. I chose this article since it evaluates how high turnover rates among nurses causes nursing shortage. Job dissatisfaction, burnout, and intention to leave have been noted as the predictors of nurse turnover. Given this, the article shows how the work environment is responsible for nursing shortage. On matters to do with ethics of research, researchers highly regard confidentiality. Before engaging in the research, the study was approved by the Chiang Mai University Faculty of Nursing Research Ethics Committee. It is also noted that all participants consented to participate and their anonymity was preserved. When carrying out research on a health care matter such as nursing shortage, integrity is critical. The anonymity of participants who completed the questionnaires was preserved too.	Undeniably, there is a close relationship between attitude and performance. I considered this article since it theorizes that nurses’ satisfaction can be improved by fostering work conditions. When nurses’ innate needs are addressed, they are demotivated to leave; this reduces turnover, implying that nursing shortage is prevented. Regarding ethics of research, informed consent is visible. Participants were adequately informed about the intentions and type of research.	Nursing shortage is exacerbated by turnover that stems from job dissatisfaction. I chose this article since it examines a critical issue that affects nurses’ satisfaction- shift length.  The authors suggest that shift length is an underexplored area in health care research despite its impact on nurses’ productivity. If the length of the appropriate shifts can be known, nursing shortage can have a solution, which I instrumental in improving overall quality of care. On ethics of research, objectivity is critical in research and highly evident in the author’s approach to the research problem. There is a lot of effort to avoid bias in experimental design.
Brief description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article	In any case, reducing the number of health care providers must affect nurses’ productivity and overall health outcomes profoundly. To understand this relationship better, the study examined how reducing nurse staffing affects staff-patient interactions.	Guided by the principle that nurses’ productivity depends on the environment, this study investigated how the working environment affects job satisfaction, causes burnout and intention to leave among nurses. It conjectures that nurses working in satisfactory work environments have low rates of job dissatisfaction, burnout, and intention to leave.	The study explored outcomes of nurse self-reported job satisfaction and dissatisfaction turnover cognitions based on the premise that fostering work conditions fosters satisfaction and prevents adverse outcomes such as turnover. Reduced turnover prevents nursing shortage.	The study is primarily centered on the impacts of shift lengths on quality of care. However, instead of examining impacts on patients like many studies, the study’s aim was to investigate the effect of the hospital nurse shift length on quality and safety of nurses in medical-surgical and multidisciplinary wards.
Brief description of the research methodology used Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific.	Bridges et al. (2019) took part in an observational study. They observed 270 patients (238 hours) while concentrating on staff-patient interactions which were rated using the Quality of Interaction Schedule. The patient-to-staff ratio was calculated using parameters such as registered nurse, healthcare assistant, and patient numbers. The researchers used multilevel regression models to explore the link between staffing levels, skill mix, and impact on interaction levels.Using observations implies that the methodology is qualitative.	This study is quantitative. As explained, the researchers sent questionnaires to staff in the selected hospitals where the division staff helped the research team to collect data. Questionnaires were dispersed to the registered nurses (RNs) after they agreed to participate in the study. Everything was confidential since the participants returned the filled questionnaires via a sealed envelope and gave the findings to the researchers.	This is a qualitative study since the researchers collected individual nurse responses by interviewing them.	This study was a cross-sectional survey on 12 hospitals in Malaysia. The Hayes macro regression analysis was used to examine the link between working long shifts and quality of care and safety.Cross-sectional survey- quantitative method.
A brief description of the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles you selected.	One of the leading strengths of observational studies is more accuracy compared to other methods such as questionnaires and interviews. In an observational study like this one, the researcher depends on information that the respondents provide. Given that there are numerous devices for testing reliability of participants’ behavior, the data collected is highly reliable.  A sample of a small population can be used to correctly infer the behavior of the rest of the population. Observations have greater universality of practice, enabling a researcher to collect data from many fields including sciences and social fields.	Questionnaires are among the most applied data collection methods. Often used in cross-sectional studies like this one, questionnaires offer a highly reliable method for data collection. Through questionnaires, a researcher can collect information from a huge proportion; mass data helps to validate the findings. Also, the results are easily quantified, and experiments can be carried out with limited effect on validity and reliability.	Compared to other methods, interviews have an excellent response rate since it accommodates almost every group of people and actively engage them. Moreover, they allow the researcher to judge the non-verbal behavior of the respondents. Due to its high response rate and enabling the researcher to collect mass data, interview results are highly reliable and valid when it comes to generalizing study findings.	One of the leading characteristics of cross-sectional studies is that they take place at a single point in time. Their design does not allow the researcher to manipulate variables. Based on the defining characteristics, the methodology allows researchers to collect data on multiple variables to assess how it might correlate with the critical interest’s variable. Its validity is affirmed by allowing the researcher to amass large amounts of information from mass participants.
General Notes/Comments	The article is highly informative on matters concerning nursing shortage. Health care providers and stakeholders can use it to expand literature and learn more about the impacts of nursing shortage on patient-nurse interaction. Always, any issue that affects care providers’ satisfaction ends up affecting their output and mental state. As this happens, patients end up being the most affected group, and this article reflects on this connection and suggests solutions.	Overall, this article is an excellent research material for a nurse or anyone determined to know the work environment causes dissatisfaction, burnout, and intention to leave. Admittedly, it is a highly detailed article on how nursing shortage emerges and how it can be addressed by concentrating on its predictive factors.	From an individual perspective, this is a highly detailed article that can help to expand literature on nursing shortage. Besides explaining the possible cause, the article shows possible intervention measures (patient-centered and environment-based).	Nursing shortage is a critical health care issue with far-reaching impacts. The article examines the relationship between shifts’ lengths and nurses’ output. It is highly detailed on how long shifts can overwhelm nurses and reduce their motivation. Lack of motivation to work causes dissatisfaction, which prompts turnover.

Over time and with experience, perhaps you recognized aspects of these processes and procedures that you wanted to question further. This is the realm of clinical inquiry.

Clinical inquiry is the practice of asking questions about clinical practice. To continuously improve patient care, all nurses should consistently use clinical inquiry to question why they are doing something the way they are doing it. Do they know why it is done this way, or is it just because we have always done it this way? Is it a common practice or a best practice?

In this Assignment, you will identify clinical areas of interest and inquiry and practice searching for research in support of maintaining or changing these practices. You will also analyze this research to compare research methodologies employed.

To Prepare:

• Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry. Keep in mind that the clinical issue you identify for your research will stay the same for the entire course.
• Based on the clinical issue of interest and using keywords related to the clinical issue of interest, search at least four different databases in the Walden Library to identify at least four relevant peer-reviewed articles related to your clinical issue of interest. You should not be using systematic reviews for this assignment, select original research articles.
• Review the results of your peer-reviewed research and reflect on the process of using an unfiltered database to search for peer-reviewed research.
• Reflect on the types of research methodologies contained in the four relevant peer-reviewed articles you selected.

Part 1: Identifying Research Methodologies

After reading each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, use the Matrix Worksheet template to analyze the methodologies applied in each of the four peer-reviewed articles. Your analysis should include the following:

• The full citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format.
• A brief (1-paragraph) statement explaining why you chose this peer-reviewed article and/or how it relates to your clinical issue of interest, including a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest.
• A brief (1-2 paragraph) description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article.
• A brief (1-2 paragraph) description of the research methodology used. Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific.
• A brief (1- to 2-paragraph) description of the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles you selected.

By Day 7 of Week 3

Submit your Evidence-Based Project.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

• Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK3Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
• Click the Week 3 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
• Click the Week 3 Assignment link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
• Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “WK3Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
• If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
• Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.
• Due to the nature of this assignment, your instructor may require more than 5 days to provide you with quality feedback.

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Week 3 Assignment Rubric

Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity

To check your Assignment Draft for Authenticity

Submit your Week 3 Assignment Draft and review the originality report

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 3

To submit your Assignment:

Week 3 Assignment

Next Module

To go to the next module:

Module 3

 Module 2: An Introduction to Clinical Inquiry and Research Methodologies (Weeks 2-3)

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Research Methodologies [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Due By	Assignment
Week 2, Days 1-4	Read the Learning Resources. Begin to check your knowledge with the Quiz.
Week 2, Days 5-6	Continue to check your knowledge with the Quiz.
Week 2, Day 7	Final day to complete Quiz. Begin to compose your Assignment.
Week 3, Days 1-6	Continue to compose your Assignment.
Week 3, Day 7	Deadline to submit your Assignment.

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Learning Objectives

Students will:

• Differentiate between quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method research methodologies
• Analyze the relationship between peer-reviewed articles and clinical issues
• Analyze research ethics related to clinical issues and peer-reviewed research
• Analyze the aims of research studies presented in peer-reviewed articles
• Analyze research methodologies described in peer-reviewed articles
• Analyze strengths, reliability, and validity of research methodologies in peer-reviewed research

Learning Resources

Note: To access this module’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.

Required Readings

Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

• Chapter 2, “Asking Compelling Clinical Questions” (pp. 33–54)
• Chapter 21, “Generating Evidence Through Quantitative and Qualitative Research” (pp. 607–653)

Grant, M. J., & Booth, A. (2009). A typology of reviews: An analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies. Health Information and Libraries Journal, 26, 91–108. doi:10.1111/j.1471-1842.2009.00848.x

Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Hoare, Z., & Hoe, J. (2013). Understanding quantitative research: Part 2. Nursing Standard, 27(18), 48–55. doi:10.7748/ns2013.01.27.18.48.c9488

Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Hoe, J., & Hoare, Z. (2012). Understanding quantitative research: Part 1. Nursing Standard, 27(15), 52–57. doi:10.7748/ns2012.12.27.15.52.c9485

Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Walden University Library. (n.d.-a). Databases A-Z: Nursing. Retrieved September 6, 2019, from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/az.php?s=19981

Walden University Library. (n.d.-b). Evaluating resources: Primary & secondary sources. Retrieved January 22, 2020, from https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/evaluating/sources

Walden University Library. (n.d.-f). Keyword searching: Finding articles on your topic: Boolean terms. Retrieved September 19, 2018, from http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/keyword/boolean

Walden University Library. (n.d.-g). Keyword searching: Finding articles on your topic: Introduction to keyword searching. Retrieved September 19, 2018, from http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/keyword/searching-basics 

Walden University Library. (n.d.-i). Quick Answers: What are filtered and unfiltered resources in nursing? Retrieved September 6, 2019, from https://academicanswers.waldenu.edu/faq/73299

Document: Matrix Worksheet Template (Word Document)

Required Media

Centers for Research Quality. (2015a, August 13). Overview of qualitative research methods [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/IsAUNs-IoSQ

Centers for Research Quality. (2015b, August 13). Overview of quantitative research methods [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/cwU8as9ZNlA

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Review of research: Anatomy of a research study [Mutlimedia file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Schulich Library McGill. (2017, June 6). Types of reviews [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/5Rv9z7Mp4kg

Quiz: Is It Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods?

An effective understanding and application of research requires an understanding of the underlying methodologies employed. This quiz will assess your understanding of the quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method research methodologies.

To Prepare:

• Review the research methodology terms and concepts presented to you this week.

By Day 7 of Week 2

Submit your Quiz.

Note: You may submit your Quiz as many times as you like until Day 7 of Week 2.

Submission Information

Submit Your Quiz by Day 7 of Week 2

To submit your Quiz

Clinical issues have profound impacts on health care providers and patients, given that they pose a significant risk to the quality of care, patient safety, and nursing staff’s wellbeing. Workplace incivility, characterized by discourteous and disrespectful actions, is typical in the nursing practice. It is among the issues that adversely affect nurses’ confidence and interprofessional collaboration. Anxiety is also high in workplaces where nursing incivility is not effectively controlled, fueling burnout and turnover (Shi et al., 2018). Effective control of nursing incivility is vital to optimizing care quality and patient safety. Since interventions should be evidence-based, it is crucial to search for evidence from credible research as summarized in the matrix worksheet.

Full citation of selected article	Article #1	Article #2	Article #3	Article #4
	Kile, D., Eaton, M., deValpine, M., & Gilbert, R. (2019). The effectiveness of education and cognitive rehearsal in managing nurse‐to‐nurse incivility: A pilot study. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(3), 543-552. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12709	Abdollahzadeh, F., Asghari, E., Ebrahimi, H., Rahmani, A., & Vahidi, M. (2017). How to prevent workplace incivility?: Nurses’ perspective. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 22(2), 157-163. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-9066.205966	Armstrong, N. (2018). Management of nursing workplace incivility in the health care settings: A systematic review. Workplace Health & Safety, 66(8), 403-410. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2165079918771106	Shi, Y., Guo, H., Zhang, S., Xie, F., Wang, J., Sun, Z., … & Fan, L. (2018). Impact of workplace incivility against new nurses on job burn-out: A cross-sectional study in China. BMJ Open, 8(4), e020461. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2017-020461
Why you chose this article and/or how it relates to the clinical issue of interest (include a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest)	It is a comprehensive article exploring the importance of enhanced awareness through educational programs in reducing nurse-to-nurse incivility. The article explains how cognitive rehearsal techniques can help nurses to cope with incivility. Al-Ghabeesh and Qattom (2018) also supported the role of cognitive rehearsal in helping nurses to cope with workplace problems since it prepares them mentally to cope with stressing situations. Regarding ethics, participation was voluntary and participants’ information treated anonymously.	The article depicts workplace incivility as a disturbing phenomenon, detrimental to clinicians’ health and care delivered. Due to incivility’s psychological and somatic effects, the article investigates how it can be managed from a nurse’s perspective. Concerning research ethics, informed consent was observed to ensure that nurses participated willingly. Nurses were also allowed to withdraw willingly without getting penalized in any way.	The article was chosen since it shows the severity of workplace incivility among nurses and proposes evidence-based interventions. According to Armstrong (2018), incivility has a destructive effect as a cause of emotional upset among nurses, to the extent of risking patient care. This observation coincides with Alshehry et al. (2021) finding that workplace incivility increases the occurrence of unsafe medication administration practices. On ethics, Armstrong (2018) avoided search biases by summarizing data from different databases.	The article is an in-depth exploration of the implications of workplace incivility in health practice. It describes how workplace incivility is correlated with anxiety and job burn-out among nurses, necessitating evidence-based interventions. Regarding ethics of research, consent and anonymity are critical. Participants consented to participate in the survey and information provided was treated anonymously.
Brief description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article	The aim of the research was to help nurses to recognize incivility and reduce its impacts by confronting it through cognitive rehearsal techniques. The ability to confront incivility would improve job satisfaction.	Abdollahzadeh et al. (2017) suggested that many articles have investigated the effects of workplace incivility without proposing practical interventions. In response, the article’s primary aim is to determine how workplace incivility can be prevented in health care settings from a nurses’ perspective.	Guided by the premise that workplace incivility should be effectively controlled, the study critiques and summarized evidence that can help nursing staff to manage workplace incivility. It focused on the practical interventions that can be applied universally as nurses overcome this chronic problem.	The article’s primary aim was to investigate the impacts of workplace incivility on new nursing staff. It further examined the role that resilience plays in moderating incivility-job burn-out connection.
Brief description of the research methodology used Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific.	Kile et al. (2019) conducted a mixed method, pilot study. Data before and after nurses received cognitive rehearsal training were obtained via surveys for comparative analysis.	Data was collected via interviews. Researchers used the qualitative descriptive study design. Thus, the article is qualitative research.	The study is a systematic review of current and relevant evidence on workplace incivility. Ten studies were reviewed, implying that it is a quantitative study.	The study was a cross-sectional online survey. Participants (903 registered nurses) completed online questionnaires in May of 2016 in China. Hence, it was a quantitative research.
A brief description of the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles you selected.	The key strength of a mixed method approach to research is enhancing the understanding of quantitative and qualitative results’ contradictions. Regarding validity and reliability, researchers use various methods to gather information in mixed methods studies (Schoonenboom & Johnson, 2017). These methods supplement each other making the data more valid and reliable.	Generally, qualitative research allows issues to be examined in-depth. Interviews also allow researchers to ask specific questions that can be redirected as situations oblige (Thorsteinson, 2018). Regarding reliability and validity, interviews allowed one-on-one correspondence and the interview questions were designed in a way that all the participants answered the same questions despite difference locations.	A key strength of systematic reviews is getting a quick answer about a particular clinical issue from previous studies. In this case, information is readily available. Systematic reviews are highly reliable and valid too. Their conclusion about a clinical issue is derived from multiple studies that the researcher(s) assess for relevance and quality.	As a common data collection method, questionnaires have various strengths. It is possible to test many people quickly. Data (quantitative) can be generated and analyzed easily. On reliability, questionnaires facilitate the collection of large volume of data (Oden, 2019). It was the same case in the article. The results were also consistent by showing a positive correlation between workplace incivility, anxiety, and burnout.
General Notes/Comments	The article expands the PICOT by explaining how an educational intervention (cognitive rehearsal) can advance workplace civility. It illustrates how a positive workplace can be promoted to ensure that patients receive safe and efficient care.	The article is a reliable resource that expands knowledge on workplace incivility prevention from a nurses’ perspective. It explains how improving nurses’ skills and communication ability and supporting nurses can be integral in reducing workplace incivility in health care organizations.	The article is highly informative on the implications of workplace incivility in health care settings. It further proposes interventions necessary to manage incivility including educational training on incivility to enhance awareness and communication skills. Overall, it is a useful resource to develop the PICOT.	As nurses continue solving clinical issues, application of evidence-based research is vital. The article expands research on the effects of workplace incivility, which shows the need for policy interventions and other practical solutions.

Conclusion

The research articles in the worksheet evaluate workplace incivility among nurses from multiple dimensions. Causes of nursing incivility have been studied besides impacts of the clinical problem and possible prevention measures. Interventions such as resilience training and cognitive rehearsal techniques have been proposed. The articles will be further critiqued to get the best evidence to be used as the basis for change implementation in nursing practice to reduce incivility.

References

Abdollahzadeh, F., Asghari, E., Ebrahimi, H., Rahmani, A., & Vahidi, M. (2017). How to prevent workplace incivility?: Nurses’ perspective. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 22(2), 157-163. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-9066.205966

Al-Ghabeesh, S. H., & Qattom, H. (2019). Workplace bullying and its preventive measures and productivity among emergency department nurses. Israel Journal of Health Policy research, 8(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4268-x

Alshehry, A. S., Alquwez, N., Almazan, J., Namis, I. M., & Cruz, J. P. (2019). Influence of workplace incivility on the quality of nursing care. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 28(23-24), 4582-4594. DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15051

Armstrong, N. (2018). Management of nursing workplace incivility in the health care settings: A systematic review. Workplace Health & Safety, 66(8), 403-410. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2165079918771106

Kile, D., Eaton, M., deValpine, M., & Gilbert, R. (2019). The effectiveness of education and cognitive rehearsal in managing nurse‐to‐nurse incivility: A pilot study. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(3), 543-552. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12709

Oden, C. (2019). Validity and reliability of questionnaires: how to check. ProjectTopics. https://www.projecttopics.org/validity-and-reliability-of-questionnaires-how-to-check.html

Shi, Y., Guo, H., Zhang, S., Xie, F., Wang, J., Sun, Z., … & Fan, L. (2018). Impact of workplace incivility against new nurses on job burn-out: A cross-sectional study in China. BMJ Open, 8(4), e020461. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2017-020461

Schoonenboom, J., & Johnson, R. B. (2017). How to construct a mixed methods research design. KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 69(2), 107-131. doi: 10.1007/s11577-017-0454-1

Thorsteinson, T. J. (2018). A meta‐analysis of interview length on reliability and validity. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 91(1), 1-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12186

Bedside Report and Patient Outcomes

According to Sand-Jecklin & Sherman (2014), One of the factors leading to sentinel patient events is miscommunication. Keeping patients better informed, improving patient satisfaction, and increasing patient involvement in their care are a few of the benefits of bedside shift report. If implemented and performed properly, nursing bedside report can improve patient satisfaction and patient safety outcomes (Sand-Jecklin & Sherman, 2014).

Search Results

            When performing my search through Walden University Library, I first used the keywords “bedside shift report.” This initial search generated 165 results. When I used the Boolean term “AND” to search “bedside shift report AND patient outcomes,” the search generated 12 results. Searching “bedside handoff” generated 147 results and searching “bedside handoff and patient outcomes” resulted in 11 articles. I also refined my searches to full text and peer reviewed scholarly journals. The databases that I had the most success using were MEDLINE and EBSCO.

I found four different articles that relate to my topic of bedside report and patient outcomes. The first article discusses patient satisfaction after implementation of person-centered handover at end of shift in inpatient care (Kullberg et. al., 2017). The next article discusses patient outcomes of bedside report implementation (Sand-Jecklin & Sherman, 2014). Another article reviews nurses opinions based on their experience with using bedside handoff reports. (Jimmerson, et. al. 2021). The fourth article I selected explores patient, family, and nurse perceptions in regards to change-of-shift report at the patient bedside. (Bigani & Correia, 2018)

 

Database Search Strategies

As I continue to improve in my database search skills to utilize for my PICO(T) question, there are a few strategies I plan to use. First, I plan to continue to use different databases, which will provide me with a variety of articles that will relate to my topic. I also plan to use more specific keywords, such as “bedside report” and “bedside nurse handoff,” when using the database search boxes to locate information on my topic. I will use my PICOT question to help guide my literature search. Picking effective keywords and searching for the the main parts of your topic is important as the library databases look for the exact words entered into the search boxes (Walden University Library, n.d.b.). Understanding how to correctly use Boolean terms will help to connect my keywords to create a logical phrase that the database will understand (Walden University Library, n.d.a.). Lastly, I plan to continue to use the advance search option to limit results to peer reviewed and full text articles. This strategy helps me to assure that I am selecting the correct articles for my research.

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Part 1: Identifying Research MethodologiesAfter reading each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, use the Matrix Worksheet template to analyze the methodologies applied in each of the four peer-reviewed articles. Your analysis should include the following: <br *The full citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format. <br *A brief statement explaining why you chose this peer-reviewed article and/or how it relates to your clinical issue of interest, including a brief explanation of the ethics of research related to your clinical issue of interest. <br *A brief description of the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article. <br *A brief description of the research methodology used. Be sure to identify if the methodology used was qualitative, quantitative, or a mixed-methods approach. Be specific.</br </br </br </br		Points Range: 81 (81%) – 90 (90%)The response accurately and clearly provides a full citation of each article in APA format. The responses accurately and thoroughly explain the selection of these articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue of interest, including a detailed explanation of the ethics of research. The responses accurately and clearly describe the aims of the research. The responses accurately and clearly describe the research methodology used, and clearly identify the type of methodology used with specific and relevant examples. The responses accurately and clearly describe the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including a detailed explanation of the reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the articles selected. The responses provide a complete, detailed, and specific synthesis of two outside resources related to the selection of articles and two or three course-specific resources.	Points Range: 72 (72%) – 80 (80%)The response accurately provides a citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format. The responses accurately explain the selection of these peer-reviewed articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue of interest, including an accurate explanation of ethics. The responses accurately describe the aims of the research of each peer-reviewed article. The responses accurately describe the research methodology used and type of methodology used with some examples. The responses accurately describe the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including an explanation of the reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the peer-reviewed articles selected. The responses provide an accurate synthesis of at least one outside resource related to the selection of the peer-reviewed articles. The response integrates at least one outside resource and two or three course-specific resources.	Points Range: 63 (63%) – 71 (71%)The response inaccurately or vaguely provides a citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format. The responses inaccurately or vaguely explain the selection of these articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue of interest, including the explanation of the ethics. The responses inaccurately or vaguely describe the aims of the research of each article. The responses inaccurately or vaguely describe the research methodology used and the type of methodology used, with only some examples. The responses inaccurately or vaguely describe the strengths of each of the research methodologies used, including the explanation of the reliability and validity of how the methodology was applied in each of the articles selected. The responses provided vaguely or inaccurately synthesize outside resources related to the selection of the articles. The response minimally integrates resources that may support the responses provided.	Points Range: 0 (0%) – 62 (62%)The response inaccurately and vaguely provides a citation of each peer-reviewed article in APA format or is missing. The responses inaccurately & vaguely explain the selection of these articles and/or how they relate to a clinical issue, including the explanation of ethics of research, or they are missing. The responses inaccurately and vaguely describe the aims of the research, or they are missing. The responses inaccurately and vaguely describe the research methodology used, the type of methodology used with no examples present, or they are missing. The responses inaccurately and vaguely describe the strengths of each of the methodologies used, including the explanation of the reliability and validity of the methodology, or they are missing. The responses provide a vague and inaccurate synthesis of outside resources related to the selection of the articles and fail to integrate any resources to support the responses provided, or is missing.
Written Expression and Formatting—Paragraph Development and Organization:Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided, which delineates all required criteria.		Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided, which delineates all required criteria.	Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated but are brief and not descriptive.	Points Range: 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60–79% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is vague or off topic.	Points Range: 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity less than 60% of the time. No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion is provided.
Written Expression and Formatting—English Writing Standards:Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation.		Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided, which delineates all required criteria.	Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)Contains a few (one or two) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.	Points Range: 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)Contains several (three or four) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.	Points Range: 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)Contains many (five or more) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
Total Points: 100

Name: NURS_6052_Module02_Week03_Assignment_Rubric