NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison Assignment

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison Assignment

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison Assignment

The purpose of this assignment is to conduct a comparison on different research designs to better understand their designs and application. Understanding the different types of research design is important so that nurses can effectively apply evidence-based research into practice to address issues and offer better patient care.

You will utilize your approved nursing practice problem to complete the evidence-based practice project proposal assignments for this course and NUR-590, during which you will synthesize all of the sections into a final written paper detailing your evidence-based practice project proposal.

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Review feedback from your instructor on your “Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal: Identification of Nursing Practice Problem,” submitted in Topic 1. If your original proposed nursing problem was outside the scope of nursing practice or not conducive to an evidence-based practice project proposal, work with your instructor to identify a new topic prior to beginning this assignment. If your proposed topic requires revision, complete this prior to beginning this assignment. 

Conduct a literature search on your approved nursing practice problem. Find two translational research articles, one quantitative article, and one qualitative article. Using the “Translational Research Graphic Organizer,” present your proposed topic and, in the tables provided, compare one translational study to the quantitative study, and one translational study to the qualitative study.

Refer to the “Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal – Assignment Overview” document for an overview of the evidence-based practice project proposal assignments with regards to NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison Assignment.

You are required to cite four peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

Translational Research Graphic Organizer

State the nursing practice problem for your evidence-based practice project. If your nursing problem has not yet been approved, make any required changes or revisions to your nursing practice problem prior to starting the assignment. Using your proposed topic, conduct a literature search and complete the tables below.

Nursing Practice Problem: The nursing practice problem is obesity among school-age children.

Comparison 1: Translational Research vs. Qualitative Research
Criteria Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link:
Joseph, E. D., Kracht, C. L., St. Romain, J., Allen, A. T., Barbaree, C., Martin, C. K., & Staiano, A. E. (2019). Young children’s screen time and physical activity: Perspectives of parents and early care and education center providers. Global Pediatric Health, 6, 2333794X19865856. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2333794X19865856

Translational Research Type:

Translation to practice (T3) Peer-Reviewed Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link:
Stiglic, N., & Viner, R. M. (2019). Effects of screentime on the health and well-being of children and adolescents: A systematic review of reviews. BMJ Open, 9(1), e023191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023191

Traditional Qualitative Research Type: systematic review of past literature. Observations (Similarities/Differences)

Methodology Four focus groups (3 parents and 1 ECE provider) were conducted and thematic analysis performed to identify themes and subthemes on children’s screen time and physical activity.
Twenty-eight caregivers (21 parents and 7 ECE providers) participated in the research. A systematic review of past studies on the evidence for health and well-being effects of screen time in children and adolescents was conducted. 13 reviews were identified. Joseph et al. (2019) used focus groups while Stiglic and Viner (2019) did a literature review.
Goals The primary goal was to seek input from caregivers on barriers and facilitators of physical activity and screen time to comprehensively address them and promote children’s health.

The study systematically examined the evidence of harms and benefits relating to screen time for children and young people’s health and well-being. Joseph et al. (2019) examined how caregivers’ input regarding physical activity and screen time can be used to promote children’s health while Stiglic and Viner (2019) examined what past studies concluded regarding harms and benefits of screen time and children’s health and well-being.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison Assignment Data Collection

Data for the study was obtained from focus groups containing twenty-eight caregivers. Focus groups were held between January and March 2017. Stiglic and Viner (2019) searched electronic databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL) in February 2018. Joseph et al. (2019) collected data from participants while Stiglic and Viner (2019) collected from peer-reviewed articles.

Comparison 2: Translational Research vs. Quantitative Research

Criteria Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link:
Schwarzfischer, P., Gruszfeld, D., Socha, P., Luque, V., Closa-Monasterolo, R., Rousseaux, D., … & Grote, V. (2020). Effects of screen time and playing outside on anthropometric measures in preschool aged children. PloS One, 15(3), e0229708. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229708
Translational Research Type: research focused on outcomes in populations (T4) Peer-Reviewed

Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link:

Goncalves, W. S. F., Byrne, R., Viana, M. T., & Trost, S. G. (2019). Parental influences on screen time and weight status among preschool children from Brazil: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1), 1-8. doi: 10.1186/s12966-019-0788-3
Traditional Quantitative Research Type: A cross-sectional study.
[experimental research] Observations (Similarities/Differences)

Methodology Schwarzfischer et al. (2020) assessed children of the European Childhood Obesity Project annually by questionnaire from 3 until 6 years of age with focus on playing outside (PO) and screen time. A survey measuring sociodemographic data, weekday and weekend screen time, and parental self-efficacy for limiting screen time. Both studies evaluated outcomes. However, Schwarzfischer et al. (2020) used questionnaires while Goncalves et al. (2019) did a survey.

Goals Schwarzfischer et al. (2020) investigated the relationship between average time spent on playing outside and screen time and anthropometric measures (body weight, waist circumference, and height) at 3 and 6 years of age. Goncalves et al. (2019) examined the relationships between parental screen time, self-efficacy to limit screen time, child screen time and child BMI in preschool-aged children. Both researches examined the relationship between screen time and measures related to obesity such as weight gain. However, Schwarzfischer et al. (2020) focused on various anthropometric measures while Goncalves et al. (2019) focused on child BMI.

Data Collection Body weight, waist circumference and height were measured at 3 and 6 years of age to calculate Body-Mass-Index z-Scores (zBMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WTH) of 526 children of CHOP.
Schwarzfischer et al. (2020) applied linear, logistic and quantile regressions to test whether playing outside and screen time impacted anthropometric measures. Height and weight were measured to derive BMI and BMI percentile.
Goncalves et al. (2019) further used observed variable path analysis to examine the relationship between parental and child variables. Schwarzfischer et al. (2020) measured zBMI and waist-to-height ratio while Goncalves et al. (2019) measured height and weight to derive BMI.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison Assignment References

Goncalves, W. S. F., Byrne, R., Viana, M. T., & Trost, S. G. (2019). Parental influences on screen time and weight status among preschool children from Brazil: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1), 1-8. doi: 10.1186/s12966-019-0788-3
Joseph, E. D., Kracht, C. L., St. Romain, J., Allen, A. T., Barbaree, C., Martin, C. K., & Staiano, A. E. (2019). Young children’s screen time and physical activity: Perspectives of parents and early care and education center providers. Global Pediatric Health, 6, 2333794X19865856. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2333794X19865856
Schwarzfischer, P., Gruszfeld, D., Socha, P., Luque, V., Closa-Monasterolo, R., Rousseaux, D., … & Grote, V. (2020). Effects of screen time and playing outside on anthropometric measures in preschool aged children. PloS One, 15(3), e0229708. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229708
Stiglic, N., & Viner, R. M. (2019). Effects of screentime on the health and well-being of children and adolescents: A systematic review of reviews. BMJ Open, 9(1), e023191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023191

Translational Research Graphic Organizer

State the nursing practice problem for your evidence-based practice project. If your nursing problem has not yet been approved, make any required changes or revisions to your nursing practice problem prior to starting the assignment. Using your proposed topic, conduct a literature search and complete the tables below.

Nursing Practice Problem:

Comparison 1: Translational Research vs. Qualitative Research
Criteria Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link: NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison Assignment

Translational Research Type:

Peer-Reviewed Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link:

Traditional Qualitative Research Type: Observations (Similarities/Differences)

Methodology

Goals

Data Collection

Comparison 2: Translational Research vs. Quantitative Research
Criteria Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link:

Translational Research Type: Peer-Reviewed Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link:

Traditional Quantitative Research Type:
Observations (Similarities/Differences)
Methodology

Goals

Data Collection

References

Topic 2 DQ 1

Explain the value of biostatistics in population health research. Describe the role of epidemiology in researching and addressing population health challenges. How are epidemiology and biostatistics significant to your evidence-based practice proposal?

Population health is being used in policy, health care, community, research settings, and in almost every setting nurses are stationed at. The definition of population health is the health outcomes within a group of individuals rather than focusing on the health of one person in a group at a time. (Garmon, 2017) For our evidence-based practice problems (PICOT), for the “population” portion, we are doing just that – focusing on a group of individuals with a commonality. Honing in on population health allows for significant health concerns to be focused on and addressing resource allocation to overcome problems that drive poor health conditions in the population. Biostatistics has high value in population because its aim is to discover population of interests and conduct quantitative and qualitative research to help identify population health trends and risk factors. (Minkoff, 2022)

My evidence-based practice proposal is regarding addressing registered nurses at a specific hospital working on an inpatient pediatric hematology/oncology unit who have recently lost one of their patients and interventions to improve this nursing practice problem. Biostatistics and epidemiology are significant to my proposal because they assess cultural norms around grief, how it can affect a human being’s health, and analyzes what can be done to improve this specific situation. (Baertlein & Moore, 2020) In my research on this topic relating to epidemiology and biostatistics, I found a frequently quoted professor of epidemiology and biostatistics at the University of Georgia, Toni Miles. In response to children taking care of their aging parents and physicians losing their patients due to health complications in “When loss negatively affects an individual’s health, bereavement training can offer solutions”, Miles states: “You have to accept that you, personally, have reached the end of your ability to help a person” and recommended bereavement training to be a program established to help healthcare workers and families facilitate conversations about end-of-life. (Zwald, 2019) The article went on to discuss that as a professor of epidemiology and biostatistics, the primary role of these two subjects (epidemiology and biostatistics) focus on the intersection between aging and population health.

Re: Topic 2 DQ 1

Biostatisticians study diseases and potential behaviors and health risks for the local environment (The University of Nevada, 2020). Biostatisticians utilize research like qualitative and quantitative studies to research certain public health risks related to the local environment and attempt to provide information on how these problems can be addressed and eradicated in the area (The University of Nevada, 2020). There are several things that biostatistics research does in the Public Health realm including environmental factors, cancer research, statistical genetics, and human growth and development (The University of Nevada, 2020). Epidemiology focuses most on how and entire population is affected utilizing distribution and determination (The University of Nevada, 2020). With Distribution they are looking at the frequencies of disease processes and the trends in an area (The University of Nevada, 2020).

With determination they look at cause and effect, risk factors and any underlying causes (The University of Nevada, 2020). Epidemiologists focus on areas like infectious diseases, environmental issues, noninfectious diseases, injuries, natural disasters and acts of terror (The University of Nevada, 2020). My personal project proposal involved the epidemiology of Syphilis and its rampant spread through Alaska (Berman, 2020). The epidemiology of the spread of this STD shifted since 2019 into 2020 and has spread even faster than before, due to the nursing focus being on Covid-19 patients (Berman, 2020).

The University of Nevada, Reno. (2020, November 17). Epidemiology vs. Biostatistics: Understanding Their Roles in Public Health. University of Nevada, Reno. https://onlinedegrees.unr.edu/blog/epidemiology-vs-biostatistics/

Berman, A. (2020, July 31). Alaska’s syphilis cases more than doubled in a year, and COVID-19 has complicated outbreak response. Anchorage Daily News. https://www.adn.com/alaska-news/2020/07/30/alaskas-syphilis-cases-have-doubled-in-the-past-year-and-covid-19-has-complicated-outbreak-response/#:%7E:text=The%20state’s%20syphilis%20outbreak%20was,in%20heterosexual%20men%20and%20women.

Re: Topic 2 DQ 1

Hello

I do agree with you that biostatistics and epidemiology help in qualitative and quantitative analysis of diseases hence provide crucial information for public health departments. It is crucial in developing the appropriate intervention measures that curb the spread of the disease and its fatality (Jackson et al., 2021). The department of health services in collaboration with other non- governmental organizations are responsible for informing the members of the public on the epidemiology of number of health conditions. Some of the information shared by the epidemiologists often quantifies the disease by providing details on how many people are affected by a disease or a health condition.

This quantifying process is a complex one and takes into account three critical measures of the disease, that is; frequency, prevalence, and incidence (MacDonald & Hsu, 2021). The aspect of frequency involves the counts of the people affected and it is achieved through carrying out disease surveillance. The prevalence of a disease refers to the proportion that gives a quick view of the population level disease burden at a given time (MacDonald & Hsu, 2021). The concept of incidence in epidemiology refers to the average risk of developing the disease over a period of time.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison Assignment References

MacDonald, I., & Hsu, J.-L. (2021). Epidemiological observations on breaking COVID-19 transmission: from the experience of Taiwan. J Epidemiol Community Health. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2020-216240

Jackson, M. L., Ferdinands, J., Nowalk, M. P., Zimmerman, R. K., Kieke, B., Gaglani, M., Murthy, K., Petrie, J. G., Martin, E. T., Chung, J. R., Flannery, B., & Jackson, L. A. (2021). Differences between Frequentist and Bayesian inference in routine surveillance for influenza vaccine effectiveness: a test-negative case-control study. BMC Public Health, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10543-z

Biostatistics adds a significant value to population health by developing plans of care actions to keep the public safe and healthy. Population health is the distribution of health outcomes within a population, the determinants that influence distribution, and the policies and interventions that affect the determinants (Nash et.al. 2021). As defined by Minkoff (2022), biostatistics helps with the summarization of the characteristics of the sample and to test actions of a specific population that is being studied. The overall focus of biostatistics in a study is to explore something new about the population. Biostatistics help not only in health, medicines or nutrition but also in genetics, epidemiology, biology etc. Minkoff (2022) explains that biostatistics basically extracts the data received and makes valid inferences that are used to solve health challenges. The study method includes studying the sample of a specific population, reviewing the qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The work includes clinical trials, surveys, case studies, lab and field observations etc. to gather and analyze the data to draw conclusions.

“Epidemiology collects, analyzes, and interprets data regarding the distribution and determinants of disease among populations through descriptive epidemiology that focuses on the impact and extent of health-related events; and analytics epidemiology that focuses on searching the determinants of diseases” (Nash, 2016). When looking for a care/treatment/prevention for a specific disease process, it goes back to the causes (Nash, 2016). What causes the disease/outcome and what factors contribute to it, this is what is called a determinant. This way it helps with assessing and designing approaches to prevent diseases and improve the quality of life in the population. As described by CDC. (2016) in simpler term, Epidemiology is a way to find the causes of health outcomes and diseases in populations. It is the study (scientific, systematic, and data-driven) of the distribution (frequency, pattern) and determinants (causes, risk factors) of health-related states and events (not just diseases) in specified populations (neighborhood, school, city, state, country, global). It is often referred to as population medicine as it focuses on the health of individuals or groups of people.

Both biostatistics and epidemiology have a common goal of discovering these strategies with a slightly different approach. Population health improvements are stemmed from data from a variety of sources, that includes electronic medical records, population- based surveys, birth and death records, claim data and community input, expert opinion and many others (Nash, 2016).

My project is to improve the quality of care and reduce the rate of readmissions for congestive heart failure (CHF) patients. There are about 6.2 million adults in the United States that have health failure (HF) (CDC. 2023) The epidemiological and statistical data for heart failure provides information about disease process, causes, classification and stages of HF, risk prediction and prevention and treatment need. For example, HF study would elaborate on defining and adopting criteria to diagnose under consideration as well as classifying its severity for different stages of HF including the increasingly used entity of advanced HF, and of cardiac function. It also provides data on the study of disease across person, place and time (Veronique, 2021). This information would help in creating patients and diagnose specific care plans and education to CHF patient to improve care outcomes.

Course Code Class Code Assignment Title Total Points

NUR-550 NUR-550-O503 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal: Research Design Comparison 100.0

Criteria Percentage Unsatisfactory (0.00%) Less Than Satisfactory (80.00%) Satisfactory (88.00%) Good (92.00%) Excellent (100.00%)
Content 100.0%
Nursing Practice Problem (Revision) 10.0% The nursing practice problem was not included, or the required revisions were not made. The changes failed to meet the criteria for a relevant nursing practice problem for an evidence-based practice project proposal. Additional revisions are still required for approval. Revisions were made accordingly to improve the proposed nursing practice problem, but some aspects are inaccurate or unclear. Additional revisions are still required for approval. NA The nursing practice problem is clearly presented and approved. No revision was required, or all necessary revisions are were made.

Translational and Traditional Articles 15.0% More than two articles selected do not meet the assignment criteria. At least one article is omitted. Two articles do not meet the assignment criteria. It is unclear how one or two of the articles support the proposed nursing practice problem. One article does not meet the assignment criteria. Overall, the articles generally support the proposed nursing practice problem. The proposed problem would be better supported with the selection of one or two different articles. The articles meet the assignment criteria and provide adequate support for the proposed nursing practice problem. A quantitative article and a qualitative article were each compared to a translational research article. The articles are peer-reviewed, published within the last five years, and pertain to the nursing practice problem. The assignment criteria are fully met.

Comparison of Methodology Between Translational and Traditional Research 15.0% The comparison between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative methodologies is omitted. The comparison between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative methodologies is incomplete. There are significant inaccuracies. A summary comparison between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative methodologies is presented. Some aspects are incorrect or unclear. The comparison between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative methodologies is adequately presented. Some aspects require more detail for accuracy or clarity. The comparison between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative methodologies is thorough and accurate. A clear understanding of translational and traditional methodologies is demonstrated.

Comparison of Goals Between Translational and Traditional Research 15.0% The comparison of goals between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research is omitted. The comparison of goals between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research is incomplete. There are significant inaccuracies. A summary comparison of goals between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research is presented. Some aspects are incorrect or unclear. A comparison of goals between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research is adequately presented. Some aspects require more detail for accuracy or clarity. The comparison of goals between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research is thorough and accurate. An understanding of goals between traditional and translational research is evident.

Comparison of Data Collection Between Translational and Traditional Research 15.0% The comparison of data collection between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research is omitted. The comparison of data collection between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research is incomplete. There are significant inaccuracies. A summary comparison of data collection between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research is presented. Some aspects are incorrect or unclear. The comparison of data collection between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research is adequately presented. Some aspects require more detail for accuracy or clarity. The comparison of data collection between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research is thorough and accurate. An understanding of goals between traditional and translational research is evident.

Observations (Similarities and Differences) 20.0% The similarities and differences between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research are not discussed. The similarities and differences between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research are only partially discussed. The narrative is vague and contains inaccuracies. The similarities and differences between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research are summarized. More information is needed. There are minor inaccuracies. The similarities and differences between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research are presented. Some detail is needed for clarity or accuracy The similarities and differences between translational and quantitative and translational and qualitative research are detailed and informative.

Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, and language use) 5.0% Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is employed Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied. Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed. Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech. The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style) 5.0% Sources are not documented. Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors. Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present. Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct. Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

Topic 2 DQ 2

Consider ecological and global issues, social determinants of health, principles of genetics, and genomics. Explain how translational research can be applied in these areas to address the burden of global disease.

Re: Topic 2 DQ 2

Translational research is utilized to improve clinical care by scientifically studying a healthcare issue or problem to improve health performance of the community. The primary goal of transitional research is to bridge the gap between scientific research and clinical practice ( Khodyakov et al.,2016). Because scientists take the findings from translational research and apply them to clinical practice for the benefit of the public, the principles in translational research are employed in a variety of other fields or disciplines. For example, ecological and global issues, social determinants of health and principles of genetics and genomics observations can be investigated and researched to transform public health and address policy concerns. Therefore, any attempt to improve human health based on new scientific knowledge can be considered translational. This can be achieved by an interdisciplinary team of scientists with expertise in basic, biomedical, clinical, and applied sciences who collaborate to address global health disparities affecting community populations (Brown, 2016). For example, molecular biologists and pathologists study gene mutations which may result in the development of diseases such as diabetes mellitus (Brown, 2016). However, according to Brown (2016), abnormal genes alone do not result in the development of diabetes mellitus or any other disease, but other contributing risk factors that are analyzed by public health experts such as the genetic predisposition to obesity, long-term consumption of an unhealthy diet, and lack of physical exercise may contribute to the development of diabetes mellitus.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison Assignment References

Brown, A. (2016). Utilizing translational research to eliminate health disparity. MOJ Public Health, 4(1), 13. DOI: 10.15406/mojph.2016.04.00067

Khodyakov, D., Mikesell, L., Schraiber, R., Booth, M., & Bromley, E. (2016). On using ethical principles of community-engaged research in translational science. Translational Research, 171, 52-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2015.12.008

Re: Topic 2 DQ 2

I enjoy reading your post; Translational research produces more relevant, pertinent outcomes crucial to health care. Translation research is to “translate” or move science discoveries more efficiently into health practices, and it recognize and support the adoption of the best medical and health practices. Translational research is required to render human genome discoveries into health practice in ways that optimize health benefits and minimizes harm to individuals and populations. I agree the primary goal of transitional research is to bridge the gap between scientific research and clinical practice. Additionally, the spectrum of multidisciplinary translation research builds on preceding characterization efforts in genomics and other areas in health care and prevention.

Topic 2 DQ 1

Biostatistics play a crucial role in population health research. Researchers utilize it to understand epidemiological phenomena such as causation, relationship between variables, spread and control of health problems in a population. Biostatistics also helps increase population’s understanding of its health status, disease burden, and mortality rates due to different health issues. Researchers and healthcare providers make decisions on health promotion and disease prevention based on biostatistics (Grove & Gray, 2022). Researchers and healthcare providers also rely on statistics to explain or predict health outcomes in their populations.

Epidemiology plays an important role in researching and addressing population health problems. Accordingly, researchers and healthcare providers use epidemiology to identify the factors that contribute to public health problems. For example, they use it to understand cause-effect relationship between a population’s exposure to a risk and development of a health problem. Epidemiology also guides the tracking of different interventions in improving the public’s health. Measures such as recovery and mortality rates help researchers to determine the impact of the adopted public health interventions. Epidemiology also helps researchers and healthcare providers to predict the future of population health problems (Boswell & Cannon, 2022). For example, epidemiologists perform statistical analyses on different health problems and provide a better understanding of its future population impact should an intervention not be adopted. As a result, it guides in the prioritization of resource allocation to address the identified population health problems.

Epidemiology and biostatistics are significant to my evidence-based practice proposal. Statistics will be used to provide insights into the magnitude of patient falls in healthcare. It will also be used to show the disease burden associated with patient falls. Epidemiology will be used to track the effectiveness of the proposed intervention and its implications to practice. It will also be used to project the future outcomes of action and inaction in addressing the issue of patient falls.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison Assignment References

Boswell, C., & Cannon, S. (2022). Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence-Based Practice. Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Grove, S. K., & Gray, J. R. (2022). Study Guide for Understanding Nursing Research E-Book: Building an Evidence-Based Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.

The selected nursing problem of focus in my project is falls among hospitalized patients aged 65 years and above. Elderly patients have the highest fall rates as compared to other patient populations. Statistics show that at least 300000 older people suffer from hip fractures annually in the USA. More than 95% of these fractures are attributable to falling sideways. Besides fractures, falls result in premature mortalities, prolonged hospitalizations, poor quality of life, and increased care costs. Health technologies have proven effective in detecting, reducing, and preventing patient falls. For example, the use of automated fall detection systems and sensors have been shown to enhance early detection, prevention, and minimization of falls among hospitalized patients. Therefore, my project examines the use of the technology to improve fall rates among hospitalized elderly patients aged 65 years and above.

Comparison 1: Translational Research vs. Qualitative Research

Criteria	Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link:Rahme, M., Folkeard, P., & Scollie, S. (2021). Evaluating the accuracy of step tracking and fall detection in the Starkey Livio artificial intelligence hearing aids: A pilot study. American Journal of Audiology, 30(1), 182–189. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_AJA-20-00105Translational Research Type: T2	Peer-Reviewed Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link:Coahran, M., Hillier, L. M., Bussel, L. V., Black, E., Churchyard, R., Gutmanis, I., Ioannou, Y., Michael, K., Ross, T., & Mihailidis, A. (2018). Automated fall detection technology in inpatient geriatric psychiatry: Nurses’ perceptions and lessons learned. Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement, 37(3), 245. 10.1017/S0714980818000181Traditional Qualitative Research Type: Qualitative study	Observations (Similarities/Differences)
Methodology	This study was pilot research to examine the effectiveness of an automated fall detection system in fall detection and detecting fall maneuvers. The adopted technology was Starkey Livio Artificial Intelligence hearing aids and tracking step count. The participants wore the system, a Sportline pedometer, and Fitbit Charge 3 concurrently during treadmill and real-world walking conditions. Fall detection and alert were assessed by falling maneuvers of the activities of daily living.	This study was a qualitative study that examined the perceptions of nurses with the HELPER system and lessoned learned from its ability to prevent and reduce patient falls. The study was conducted following a pilot test where nurses were interviewed about their perceptions of the HELPER technology. The nurses were from two geriatric units in Ontario, Canada. Data was analyzed using qualitative naturalistic inquiry approach.	The studies differ on their designs. The study by Rahme et al. (2021) adopted quantitative methods while that by Coahran et al. (2018) adopted qualitative methods. They also differ based on the technologies that were examined for effectiveness in fall prevention and detection. Coahran et al. (2018) utilized qualitative methods of data collection and analysis while Rahme et al. (2021) used quantitative approaches to data collection and analysis. They both focused on the effectiveness of automated technologies in fall detection and prevention.
Goals	The primary aim of this research was to examine the effectiveness and efficacy of Starkey Livio Artificial Intelligence hearing aids in tracking step count. The secondary aim was to investigate the accuracy of the fall detection and alert system of Livio hearing aids in detecting fall maneuvers.	The goal of this study was to obtain the perceptions of nurses with their use of the HELPER system. The study also aimed to identify lessons learned from the technology use in preventing falls in two geriatric units caring patients aged between 60 and 90 years.	The two studies are similar in that they examined the effectiveness of health technologies in fall detection, notification, and prevention. They differ based on the technologies that were being investigated for their effectiveness.
Data Collection	Data on patient’s real-world health condition was obtained through a 5-day period. Step count was done for six different treadmill speeds. The generated fall detection and alerts were analyzed to determine their effectiveness in reducing fall risks among the patients.	Data for this research was collected through interviews conducted with nurses working in the unit. The interviews were conducted over two days by a trained research associate who did not participate in the pilot implementation. The interviews were recorded digitally and transcribed.	The data collection approaches in the studies differ. Coahran et al. (2018) utilized interviews that were digitally recorded and transcribed. Rahme et al. (2021) utilized quantitative methods of data collection based on the observed and physiological changes with activity.

Comparison 2: Translational Research vs. Quantitative Research

Criteria	Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link:Lumetzberger, J., Münzer, T., & Kampel, M. (2021). Non-obtrusive 3d body tracking for automated mobility assessment in independently living older persons: Results of a pilot trial. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Pervasive Health and Technology, 7(26), e4–e4. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-3-2021.168863Translational Research Type: T2	Peer-Reviewed Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link:Nemeth, B., van der Kaaij, M., Nelissen, R., van Wijnen, J.-K., Drost, K., & Blauw, G. J. (2022). Prevention of hip fractures in older adults residing in long-term care facilities with a hip airbag: A retrospective pilot study. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1), 547. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03221-1Traditional Quantitative Research Type: Retrospective quantitative study	Observations (Similarities/Differences)
Methodology	The study was a pilot investigation of the effectiveness of real time data and mobility assessments in fall detection and prevention. The intervention entailed automatic tracking and detection of movements for the study participants using Orbbec Astra 3d camera. A field trial for the intervention was done for a 10-month period in the private homes of 20 generally healthy older adults. 20 study participants were enrolled and assessed following their use of automated trackers for parameters such as movement patterns, size, and height. Data was expressed as standard deviation and means. Linear regression analysis was done to determine the association of manual physical therapy with machine-based gait data.	This study was a retrospective pilot study that involved 969 participants residing in 11 long-term facilities for the older patients. The researchers utilized intervention that entails the application of 45 WOLK-hip airbags for fall and fracture detection and prevention. The inclusion criteria included physically active participants with pelvic circumference of 90-125 cm. The exclusion criteria included participants who continuously removed hip airbag for themselves and those depending on wheelchair for mobility.	The two studies focused on the effect of technology use in improving gait, physical activity, and falls among the elderly. They differed based on the study designs. While the study by Nemeth et al., (2022) was a retrospective quantitative research, the one by Lumetzberger et al., (2021) was a pilot study on the use of 3D technology in patient monitoring and assessment of fall risk. The two studies support that health technologies are feasible for use in fall detection and prevention.
Goals	The goal of this study was to assess mobility of the older persons using real time data and comparing it with the mobility assessment of physiotherapists.	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of introducing WOLK hip airbag on the incidence of hip fractures. The secondary aim was to evaluate the occurrences of falls and pelvic fractures among the participants.	The two studies differ based on their goals. The study by Lumetzberger et al., (2021) examined the effectiveness of using real-time data on gait studies and fall rates while Nemeth et al., (2022) investigated the effect of airbags on fall rates and fractures among those at risk.
Data Collection	A trained physical therapist conducted gait study tests to each of the study subjects. They collected data on the participants’ ability to perform three repetitive tasks to assess for possible mobility changes. At the same time, an automated tracker measured test duration and gait velocity for use in comparing both data.	Data on hip, falls, and pelvic fractures were collected from electronic incidence reports for the participants. The demographic data were extracted electronically from patient records and summarized for median of the study period.	The studies differ on the approaches to data collection. The study by Nemeth et al., (2022) utilized electronic data of the participants to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. On the other hand, Lumetzberger et al., (2021) focused mainly on the physiological changes that occurred with the delivery of the intervention to the participants. Both approaches to data collection were quantitative.

Conclusion

In summary, the reviewed studies show that automated technologies and systems are effective in fall detection, notification, and prevention. They also reduce the risk and rate of injuries due to falls, including fractures. Evidence obtained from translational and traditional sources of evidence support technology use in fall prevention. Therefore, it should be considered for use in healthcare and nursing practice.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison Assignment References

Coahran, M., Hillier, L. M., Bussel, L. V., Black, E., Churchyard, R., Gutmanis, I., Ioannou, Y., Michael, K., Ross, T., & Mihailidis, A. (2018). Automated fall detection technology in inpatient geriatric psychiatry: Nurses’ perceptions and lessons learned. Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement, 37(3), 245. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980818000181

Lumetzberger, J., Münzer, T., & Kampel, M. (2021). Non-obtrusive 3d body tracking for automated mobility assessment in independently living older persons: Results of a pilot trial. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Pervasive Health and Technology, 7(26), e4–e4. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-3-2021.168863

Nemeth, B., van der Kaaij, M., Nelissen, R., van Wijnen, J.-K., Drost, K., & Blauw, G. J. (2022). Prevention of hip fractures in older adults residing in long-term care facilities with a hip airbag: A retrospective pilot study. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1), 547. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03221-1

Rahme, M., Folkeard, P., & Scollie, S. (2021). Evaluating the accuracy of step tracking and fall detection in the Starkey Livio artificial intelligence hearing aids: A pilot study. American Journal of Audiology, 30(1), 182–189. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_AJA-20-00105

The selected nursing problem of focus in my project is falls among hospitalized patients aged 65 years and above. Elderly patients have the highest fall rates as compared to other patient populations. Statistics show that at least 300000 older people suffer from hip fractures annually in the USA. More than 95% of these fractures are attributable to falling sideways. Besides fractures, falls result in premature mortalities, prolonged hospitalizations, poor quality of life, and increased care costs. Health technologies have proven effective in detecting, reducing, and preventing patient falls. For example, the use of automated fall detection systems and sensors have been shown to enhance early detection, prevention, and minimization of falls among hospitalized patients. Therefore, my project examines the use of the technology to improve fall rates among hospitalized elderly patients aged 65 years and above.

Comparison 1: Translational Research vs. Qualitative Research

Criteria	Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link:Rahme, M., Folkeard, P., & Scollie, S. (2021). Evaluating the accuracy of step tracking and fall detection in the Starkey Livio artificial intelligence hearing aids: A pilot study. American Journal of Audiology, 30(1), 182–189. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_AJA-20-00105Translational Research Type: T2	Peer-Reviewed Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link:Coahran, M., Hillier, L. M., Bussel, L. V., Black, E., Churchyard, R., Gutmanis, I., Ioannou, Y., Michael, K., Ross, T., & Mihailidis, A. (2018). Automated fall detection technology in inpatient geriatric psychiatry: Nurses’ perceptions and lessons learned. Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement, 37(3), 245. 10.1017/S0714980818000181Traditional Qualitative Research Type: Qualitative study	Observations (Similarities/Differences)
Methodology	This study was pilot research to examine the effectiveness of an automated fall detection system in fall detection and detecting fall maneuvers. The adopted technology was Starkey Livio Artificial Intelligence hearing aids and tracking step count. The participants wore the system, a Sportline pedometer, and Fitbit Charge 3 concurrently during treadmill and real-world walking conditions. Fall detection and alert were assessed by falling maneuvers of the activities of daily living.	This study was a qualitative study that examined the perceptions of nurses with the HELPER system and lessoned learned from its ability to prevent and reduce patient falls. The study was conducted following a pilot test where nurses were interviewed about their perceptions of the HELPER technology. The nurses were from two geriatric units in Ontario, Canada. Data was analyzed using qualitative naturalistic inquiry approach.	The studies differ on their designs. The study by Rahme et al. (2021) adopted quantitative methods while that by Coahran et al. (2018) adopted qualitative methods. They also differ based on the technologies that were examined for effectiveness in fall prevention and detection. Coahran et al. (2018) utilized qualitative methods of data collection and analysis while Rahme et al. (2021) used quantitative approaches to data collection and analysis. They both focused on the effectiveness of automated technologies in fall detection and prevention.
Goals	The primary aim of this research was to examine the effectiveness and efficacy of Starkey Livio Artificial Intelligence hearing aids in tracking step count. The secondary aim was to investigate the accuracy of the fall detection and alert system of Livio hearing aids in detecting fall maneuvers.	The goal of this study was to obtain the perceptions of nurses with their use of the HELPER system. The study also aimed to identify lessons learned from the technology use in preventing falls in two geriatric units caring patients aged between 60 and 90 years.	The two studies are similar in that they examined the effectiveness of health technologies in fall detection, notification, and prevention. They differ based on the technologies that were being investigated for their effectiveness.
Data Collection	Data on patient’s real-world health condition was obtained through a 5-day period. Step count was done for six different treadmill speeds. The generated fall detection and alerts were analyzed to determine their effectiveness in reducing fall risks among the patients.	Data for this research was collected through interviews conducted with nurses working in the unit. The interviews were conducted over two days by a trained research associate who did not participate in the pilot implementation. The interviews were recorded digitally and transcribed.	The data collection approaches in the studies differ. Coahran et al. (2018) utilized interviews that were digitally recorded and transcribed. Rahme et al. (2021) utilized quantitative methods of data collection based on the observed and physiological changes with activity.

Comparison 2: Translational Research vs. Quantitative Research

Criteria	Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link:Lumetzberger, J., Münzer, T., & Kampel, M. (2021). Non-obtrusive 3d body tracking for automated mobility assessment in independently living older persons: Results of a pilot trial. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Pervasive Health and Technology, 7(26), e4–e4. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-3-2021.168863Translational Research Type: T2	Peer-Reviewed Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link:Nemeth, B., van der Kaaij, M., Nelissen, R., van Wijnen, J.-K., Drost, K., & Blauw, G. J. (2022). Prevention of hip fractures in older adults residing in long-term care facilities with a hip airbag: A retrospective pilot study. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1), 547. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03221-1Traditional Quantitative Research Type: Retrospective quantitative study	Observations (Similarities/Differences)
Methodology	The study was a pilot investigation of the effectiveness of real time data and mobility assessments in fall detection and prevention. The intervention entailed automatic tracking and detection of movements for the study participants using Orbbec Astra 3d camera. A field trial for the intervention was done for a 10-month period in the private homes of 20 generally healthy older adults. 20 study participants were enrolled and assessed following their use of automated trackers for parameters such as movement patterns, size, and height. Data was expressed as standard deviation and means. Linear regression analysis was done to determine the association of manual physical therapy with machine-based gait data.	This study was a retrospective pilot study that involved 969 participants residing in 11 long-term facilities for the older patients. The researchers utilized intervention that entails the application of 45 WOLK-hip airbags for fall and fracture detection and prevention. The inclusion criteria included physically active participants with pelvic circumference of 90-125 cm. The exclusion criteria included participants who continuously removed hip airbag for themselves and those depending on wheelchair for mobility.	The two studies focused on the effect of technology use in improving gait, physical activity, and falls among the elderly. They differed based on the study designs. While the study by Nemeth et al., (2022) was a retrospective quantitative research, the one by Lumetzberger et al., (2021) was a pilot study on the use of 3D technology in patient monitoring and assessment of fall risk. The two studies support that health technologies are feasible for use in fall detection and prevention.
Goals	The goal of this study was to assess mobility of the older persons using real time data and comparing it with the mobility assessment of physiotherapists.	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of introducing WOLK hip airbag on the incidence of hip fractures. The secondary aim was to evaluate the occurrences of falls and pelvic fractures among the participants.	The two studies differ based on their goals. The study by Lumetzberger et al., (2021) examined the effectiveness of using real-time data on gait studies and fall rates while Nemeth et al., (2022) investigated the effect of airbags on fall rates and fractures among those at risk.
Data Collection	A trained physical therapist conducted gait study tests to each of the study subjects. They collected data on the participants’ ability to perform three repetitive tasks to assess for possible mobility changes. At the same time, an automated tracker measured test duration and gait velocity for use in comparing both data.	Data on hip, falls, and pelvic fractures were collected from electronic incidence reports for the participants. The demographic data were extracted electronically from patient records and summarized for median of the study period.	The studies differ on the approaches to data collection. The study by Nemeth et al., (2022) utilized electronic data of the participants to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. On the other hand, Lumetzberger et al., (2021) focused mainly on the physiological changes that occurred with the delivery of the intervention to the participants. Both approaches to data collection were quantitative.

Conclusion

In summary, the reviewed studies show that automated technologies and systems are effective in fall detection, notification, and prevention. They also reduce the risk and rate of injuries due to falls, including fractures. Evidence obtained from translational and traditional sources of evidence support technology use in fall prevention. Therefore, it should be considered for use in healthcare and nursing practice.

NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Research Design Comparison AssignmentReferences

Coahran, M., Hillier, L. M., Bussel, L. V., Black, E., Churchyard, R., Gutmanis, I., Ioannou, Y., Michael, K., Ross, T., & Mihailidis, A. (2018). Automated fall detection technology in inpatient geriatric psychiatry: Nurses’ perceptions and lessons learned. Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement, 37(3), 245. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980818000181

Lumetzberger, J., Münzer, T., & Kampel, M. (2021). Non-obtrusive 3d body tracking for automated mobility assessment in independently living older persons: Results of a pilot trial. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Pervasive Health and Technology, 7(26), e4–e4. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-3-2021.168863

Nemeth, B., van der Kaaij, M., Nelissen, R., van Wijnen, J.-K., Drost, K., & Blauw, G. J. (2022). Prevention of hip fractures in older adults residing in long-term care facilities with a hip airbag: A retrospective pilot study. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1), 547. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03221-1

Rahme, M., Folkeard, P., & Scollie, S. (2021). Evaluating the accuracy of step tracking and fall detection in the Starkey Livio artificial intelligence hearing aids: A pilot study. American Journal of Audiology, 30(1), 182–189. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_AJA-20-00105